336 DR. HOOKER ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF ARCTIC PLANTS. 
Veroxica borealis, Lsest., is included by Eries as a variety of serpyllifolia, both, being 
Lapponian. 
V. frutictilosa, L. Koch retains this as different from saxatilis, but Bentham considers 
it the same. 
Melampyrum Americanum, Mich. Asa Gray keeps this up as a species, but Bentham 
reduces it to a var. of pratense. The smaller, more slender corolla is the only character I 
can find. 
Rhinanthtjs minor, Ehr. This form of the genus is, according to Eries, the only one 
found in Lapland ; it is the Crista-galli, var. a, of Linnseus according to Koch. Bentham 
does not consider it a sufficiently constant form to rank as a race even. 
Euphrasia officinalis, L. The varieties montana, Er., and alpestris, Koch, are found 
throughout Lapland according to Eries. 
Pedicularis amcena, Ad. Retained as distinct from verticillata by Ledebour and by 
Bentham, who, however, on examining more specimens with me, agrees that it is only a 
slight variety connected by intermediates ; both are arctic plants. 
P. borealis, Stev., is, according to Eries, a Lapland and Einland variety of palustris, L. 
P. lanata, Willd., is reduced to hirsuta by Bentham, and, I think, rightly. 
P. arctica, Br., is reduced to Langsdorffii by Bentham, with purpurascens, for an old 
synonym . 
P. Langsdorffii. This I find to pass by insensible gradations into Sitdetica. 
P. Kanei. I have never seen authentic specimens of this, but the description agrees 
with forms of undoubted Sudetica gathered in Greenland. 
TJtricularia vulgaris, L. This is unquestionably a native of Arctic Europe ; but 
though common in Temperate N. America, both east and west, I am not so sure of its 
entering the arctic circle there. I presume, however, it is one of the two alluded to by 
Kichardson (' Boat Journey through Rupert's Land '). 
U. intermedia, Ehr. Eries and Koch keep this distinct from U. minor. Watson also 
retains them, but observes that much confusion exists about them. Bentham and Oliver 
(who has lately worked a great deal at this genus) think that intermedia is only a form 
of minor. ■ Of the two, 77. intermedia is both Arctic European and American; minor is 
Arctic European, but is also found in Tibet. 
Douecatheon integrifoUum, Mich., and frigidum, C. & S., are certainly only varieties 
of Meadia. Torrey indeed (Bot. Whipple's Exped., p. 62) recognizes but one species of 
the genus, which is found from the arctic circle to New Mexico. 
Triextalis latifolia, Hook., is considered a variety of Europcea by Torrey (Bot. 
Whipple's Exped.) ; it extends along the Bocky Mountains to California, 
T. arctica, Eisch., is scarcely distinguishable from Europcea as a variety, to which Lede- 
bour refers it. I have seen no arctic specimens, though it extends to Sitcha and Kams- 
chatka. The T. Americana, the best-marked American species, extends from the V. 
States to Labrador. It differs in appearance from Europcea, and is certainly far more 
