MR. TUFFEN WEST 
415 
that the fibre which can be so readily demonstrated, passing to the root of each of these 
structures represents chiefly muscle rather than nerve. 
Tenent hairs are constantly liable to be injured from extraneous causes, especially in 
insects of cursorial habits. Wherever met with, they are invariably found to be accom- 
panied by hairs arranged in series along the margins of the tarsal joints to which the 
tenent hairs are attached. From the office they perform in the economy of the insect, 
these may appropriately be termed " guard-hairs." I have ascertained, by direct obser- 
vation, that the male Carabidee and Harpalides, in which they are remarkably stout and 
strong (see figs. 20 to 23, PI. XLIL), walk upon the ends of these guard-hairs ; the much- 
worn condition in which they are found on Ground-beetles captured in the usual way also 
testiBes to the above fact. During progression, the tenent hairs touch but slightly, if at 
all, the general surface of the ground ; but during the powerful excitement of the male of 
these beetles at the time of coitus, the guard-hairs are pressed aside, and the tenent hairs 
brought into close contact with the surface of the female, so as to form a powerful appa- 
ratus for adhesion. The habits of some amongst the Carabidoe, of living upon trees, of 
others, « amongst the branches of umbelliferous and other plants during the autumnal 
months, where it is not improbable that they ascend for the purpose of feeding upon the 
ripe seed*," point perhaps to the possession of tenent hairs by both sexes amongst 
beetles having these habits. 
Even climbing insects, as distinguished from the ground-loving beetles, have the guard- 
hairs well developed, though on a slighter type of structure; and the marginal hairs 
without expansions on the flaps of the Ply's foot are a still more delicate form of guard- 
hairs. It is these latter, which are far more readily visible than the tenent hairs on 
the Ply's foot, which have, I suspect, led to some errors of the earlier observers of this 
structure ; they are fine, sharp, slightly bent downwards towards their points, and might 
very readily be taken for minute hooks. 
Notwithstanding the protection afforded by the guard-hairs, the delicate organs which 
they enclose are in some insects never to be found perfect. This is the case with 
P 
(fig. 57); and I have found a specimen of Ocypus in which th 
equally injured (fig. 24, i.) ; in Earpah* I have less often met with this condition of the 
organs. 
I figure the tarsi of various Insects, of a Fodura, and of Acari, in which tenent hairs 
are present in small number, varying from one to five ; it will be seen how generally, ,n 
these eases, they are situated above the single, double, or triple claw. 
The remarkable scale-like organs on the anterior and middle pairs of legs ; and round the 
body of Chehjmorpha testudinarm are examples of another modification so far as is yet 
known, unique) of tenent hairs. In addition to these, there is presen at the end of each 
distal tarsal joint, arching over the ungues, a pair of tenent hairs, like those mentioned 
*& the last paragraph (fis?. 64). m i „ 
By favour of my friend G. Hodge, I am enabled to present a figure of some W»*>8« 
to the legs of a marine Acaru* (fig. 68) taken in deep water off Seaham harbour, and 
* Westwood, loc. cit., passim 
