MR 
401 
above the rim. From this it will be seen that six of the calycinc ribs divide into three 
branches, one prolonged upwards as a lateral or median rib int » the earpellary leaf, the 
other running horizontally to join with similar branches sent out from the neighbouring 
rib ; the four intermediate calycinc ribs divide into two branches only, which join t he side 
branches of the first mentioned, but have no direct upward prolongation into the < irpel. 
The ten ridges are placed opposite to the sepals and petals (PI. LI V. fig. 5). The nature 
of the carpophore and of the placenta in Vmbellifaw are also illustrated by prolified 
flowers: thus, in some specimens described by Mr. Townscnd*, the ovules were seen 
hanging from the margin of a leafy carpel. The carpophore, moreover, in place of being, 
as Dr. Lindley describes it, a forked placenta, which has become in process of develop- 
ment exterior to the carpelst, is in reality, as Mr. Townscnd has suggested}, "a con- 
tinuation of the axis, serving at first to solder the parts together, and ultimately sepa- 
rating to suspend the freed mcricarps." That such a prolongation of the axis should in 
some cases bear flowers (as in my specimen) is only a further proof of the real nature of 
the organ. 
It will also be obvious, from what has been before Bald as to the calyx in prolified 
flowers of this family, that there is in this group a real calyx-tube. 
The proliferous flowers in Rosacea and Pomacea have already been alluded to ;is 
throwing light on the nature of the fruit of these plants, and on the share which the 
expanded flower-stalk takes in their production; and similar comhwous may be drawn 
as to the fruit of some other orders, wherein the ovary is said to be inferior, c. g. Cad«cccc, 
Philadelphacece, Myrtacece, Tetragon iacecc, Campamdacecv, ^^^ l JJ^J^^l 
other families not here alluded to. The '— *™ *-"- -»u ™^ 
conclusions tally well with the organogenic 
ches of Payer, Trecul, and others 
Furthermore, the accessory buds which are 
lly found 
these fruits arc 
ather to be referred to lateral than to axillary prolification, strictly so called 
They 
1 
mentioned in this place inasmuch as they are usually recorded as cases of 
axillary prolification, and are to be found under that head in the works trcatin 
matters 
Ojther important changes 
affecting the characters of certain natural orders 
such as the change from an adherent to a free ovary, from perigynous to hyp 
. , , -i u a or,/i npofl no further comment 
stamen 
place § 
&c 
have been already mentioned, and need 
further comment in this 
* Bot. Gazette, vol. iii. p. 52. 
t Veg. Kingd. p. 774. 
t Loc. cit. 
* i5ot. Gazette, vol. in. p. o&. ° » ;. . lH . fl . fllll . -ofWr^l to m these 
» For figure* and descriptions of Sowers affected with prolific^,,, winch are £*^*^*™ 
, the oft-cited treatises of Moquiu-Tandon and En S elmann wh e numerou, refe eo« 
s ■ Theory of Horticulture,' and to a memoir of Prof. C. O. « eber, m Verhandl. da 
Rheinlandes und Westphalens, vol. vi. 1858, Src. &c. 
