OF THE AMAZON VALLEY. 
515 
beautiful and wonderful, mimetic resemblances, and therefore probably every other kind 
of adaptation in beings, are brought about by agencies similar to those we have here 
discussed. 
HELICONID^E. 
I have mentioned, in a note at p. 496, that I should follow the example of Dr. Felder 
in separating the Danaoid Heliconida from the remainder of the family, and com- 
bining them with the Danaidce. I shall, however, consider these groups as sub- 
families, instead of families. The modifications in the classification thus introduced will 
be seen by the following synopsis of the section Rhopalocera. 
Order LEPIDOPTERA. 
Section Rhopalocera. 
Family 1. Hesperid^:. Six perfect legs in 6 $ ; hind tibiae, with few exceptions, having two pair of 
spurs. Larva 
cocoon. 
Moth 
Family 2. Papilionid<e. Six perfect legs in 6 $ . Wing-cells (at least, of the hind wings) closed by 
nervules. Hind tibiae with one pair of spurs. Pupa secured by the tail and a girdle 
tubular 
across the middle in an upright position. (The Papiliones have a leaf-like appendage to the fore tibia?, 
as pointed out recently by Dr. Adolf Speyer; the character approximates the family to the Hesperidae and 
Moths.) 
Family 3. LYCENiDiE. Six perfect legs in $ ; four in 6* ; the lore tarsi wanting the tarsal claws, but 
densely spined beneath. Wing-cells (except in Eumeeus) not closed by perfect nervules. Pupa secured 
by the tail and a girdle across the middle. 
2 ; four in 6* ; the fore tarsi 
joints, and spineless. 
srirdle 
the middle. 
Subfam. 2. Stalachtin^e. 
position, without girdle. 
beneath, secured rigi 
Subfam. 3. Libythjein*:. Pupa suspended freely by the tail. 
Family 5. Nymphalid^e. Fore legs imperfect in both sexes ; in the ? wanting the tarsal claws ; in 
the 6* the fore tarsi aborted, consisting of one or two joints. Pupa suspended freely by the tail. 
a. Lower disco-cellular nervule, especially of the hind wing, more or less atrophied. 
Subfam. 1. Nymphalin^e {Nymphalida, Ageronida, Eurytelida, and Morphida, part, of authors). 
b. Lower disco-cellular nervule perfect 
Subfam. 2. HELicoNiNiE. 
Subfam. 3. Acr,ein,e. 
Subfam. 4. Brassolinje. 
Subfam. 5. Satyrin^e. 
Subfam. 6* Danain^. 
The Danaoid Heliconidce, as before mentioned, are considered to stand at the head of 
