DISCOVERY OF THE TITANOTHERES AND ORIGINAL DESCRIPTIONS 



241 



Characters. — Kiernik carefully compares the frag- 

 ment with the types of Brachydiastemafherium tran- 

 sihanicum Bockh and Maty, Menodus rumelicus Toula, 

 and Titanotherium proutii Leidy. He shows that the 

 third lower molar is much larger than that of either 

 Brachydiastematherium or Menodus rumelicus, but 

 that it is nearer in its measurements to the type of 

 Titanotherium proutii, as indicated in the following 

 table : 



Measurements of Titanotherium hohemicum, T. -proutii, and 

 Menodus rumelicus, in millimeters 



T. bohemicum M. rumelicus 



Total length of the wear- 

 ing surface 



Breadth of the first section 

 (lobe) of the tooth 



Breadth of the second sec- 

 tion (lobe) of the tooth... 



27 



T. proutii 



The author concludes that this species is widely 

 distinct from the Ivnown European forms but that 

 possibly it may eventually prove to be identical with 

 either Titanotherium proutii or another species of the 

 same genus. This, however, he considers unlikely, in 

 view of its [supposed] European origin, so that he 

 thinks he is quite justified in retaining the name 

 Titanotherium hohemicum. 



Etymology. — hohemicum, in allusion to the country 

 where the specimen was supposedly found. 



Present determination. — According to Dr. W. K. 

 Gregory, who has compared a cast of the type of 

 Titanotherium hohemicum with various American ti- 

 tanotheres, the type specimen is closely similar to one 

 in the American Museum of Natural History referred 

 to Menodus giganteus (Am. Mus. 1007). It differs 

 chiefly in the greater width of the anterior lobe of 

 m3. It appears indeed to be specifically referable to 

 Menodus giganteus, and it seems possible that it is 

 in reality an American specimen which became mixed 

 with the collection of fossils from Podbaba, near 

 Prague. (Cf. pp. 230, 560, 941.) 



Measurements of Menodus bohemicus and M. giganteus, in 

 millimeters 



M3, total length (estimated) 



M3, breadth of first lobe at base 



M3, breadth of second lobe 



M3, breadth of third lobe 



Center of protooonid to center of 



hypoconid 



Center of metaconid to center of 



entoconid 



Depth of jaw below front edge of ms-. 

 Depth of jaw just behind ms 



108 

 52 

 47 

 33 



39 



39 + 

 111 

 152 



M. giganteus 



(trigonoceras). 



Am. Mus, 



1007 



109 



47 

 47 



111 

 143 



FINAI OLIGOCENE SPECIES DESCRIBED BY OSBOEN IN 

 1916-1919 



Allops walcotti Osborn, 1916 



See page 509 



Original reference. — Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. Bull., 

 vol. 35, pp. 721, 722, fig. 1, 1916 (Osborn, 1916.433). 



Type locality and geologic horizon. — "Big Badlands," 

 S. Dak., probably Corral Draw; Chadron formation 

 {Titanotherium zone), lower levels (Chadron A). 



Type. — A nearly complete skull in the National 

 Museum (No. 4260, skull Q). (See fig. 207.) 



Figure 207. — Type (holotype) skull of Allops walcotti 

 Nat. Mus. 4260. After Osborn, 1916. One-eighth natural size. 



Specific characters. — Osborn writes: 



Premolars with small tetartocones; p'-m^ 285 millimeters. 

 Incisors f . Horns elongate oval, no connecting crest. Mesa- 

 ticephaUo. Nasals elongate, broad. Face relatively elongate. 



The type skull of this species (U. S. Nat. Mus. 4260) from 

 level A is narrow and elongate, partly owing to lateral crushing. 

 This feature conceals its resemblance to Allops marshi, which 

 is apparent in other features — namely, (1) primitive, long 

 nasals, (2) horns primitively short and obhquely oval, (3) large 

 lateral incisor (ij) and small first (ij) or median incisor, (4) 

 premolars accelerated, tetartocones more advanced than in 

 Brontops robustus of level C. 



