664 TITANOTHERES OF ANCIENT WYOMING, DAKOTA, AND NEBRASKA 



Comparative measurements oj the skeletons of lower Oligocene titanotJieres, in millimeters 



^ After correcting position of scapul 



SUBFAMILY BRONTOPINAE 



Lower Oligocene titanotheres, progressively gravi- 

 portal and brachypodal; trapezium lost in later forms. 



Brontops dlspar Marsh 



Materials. — Our knowledge of Brontops dispar is 

 based chiefly upon the remarkably complete skeleton 

 in the Carnegie Museum (No. 92), which lacks the 

 skull and three anterior cervicals. The skeleton 

 was discovered by J. B. Hatcher in Sioux County, 

 Nebr., in 1900 and described by him in 1902 (1902.1). 

 The locality is Warbonnet Creek; the geologic level 

 is near the base of the TitanotTierium zone as exposed 



at that point, about 30 feet above the Pierre shale; 

 the matrix fine clays. The skull had been destroyed 

 by weathering; the skull and jaws mounted with the 

 specimen belong to another animal. 



Limb distortion by crusMng. — An interesting feature 

 connected with the discovery is the distortion due to 

 the various positions of the several bones as they lay 

 embedded. The right femur, which was embedded 

 vertically, is some 6 inches shorter than the left, which 

 was embedded horizontally. The right and left 

 humeri similarly differ widely in proportion. This 

 striking discrepancy shows what extraordinary care 

 must be taken to avoid conclusions based merely 



