~I 
PACIFIC COAST OLIGOCHATA, 
perfectly enclosed in the glandular layer, forming generally a row of vascular 
lacunes near its outer margins (fig. 48 4/. s.) apparently without touching the mus- 
cular layer, or doing this only at certain places. Figs. 49 to 53 represent cross-section 
from different parts of the crop, from the posterior part, near the boundary of somite 
xvii (fig. 49), to the anterior part of xiv (fig. 52), illustrating the variations in thick- 
ness of the glandular layer. In the posterior part this layer is very thin (fie. 49 ql.) 
consisting only of a few cells, from one to three cells wide. In figs. 50 to 52 the 
glandular layer is seen to have increased in thickness and so has the inner epi- 
thelial cells. Fig. 53 is a portion of the glandular layer, in which the inner lumen 
is more plainly represented. The outer part of this glandular layer is divided up in 
lobes by the numerous blood sinuses, and in each such lobe there is a wider or nar- 
rower, generally, branched lumen, which, however, I have not been able to follow 
down to the epithelial cells. 
The sacculated intestine commences at the posterior end of the crop, and 
offers nothing of great interest or characteristic. 
There is no thyphlosole, but the intestine is otherwise yery rich in blood 
lacunes. 
Pharyngeal or Salivary Gland. Pharynx which occupies somites ii and iii is 
only developed dorsally. It is superposed by a large mass of glands and muscles, as is 
usual in a large number of Oligochete. In outline this glandular mass is remarkably 
even, especially so at its posterior end. In a longitudinal section we see customarily 
three lobes (fig. 29), supported by long strands of muscles, running back to the pos- 
terior boundaries of somites yi, vil and viii. 
On the ventral side there are seen three of those muscular strands, similarly 
running back to vi, vii and viii, indicating that there is a row of similar strands corres- 
ponding with somites ii, iii and iv. In somite vy there is a pair of smaller glands of 
similar nature attached to muscles which connect with the larger strands of the main 
gland (fig. 29, s.s. g/.) 
A cross-section of this glandular mass (fig. 30), shows us that the glands are situated 
principally on the periphery, supported by muscles (ms.), while the inner and posterior 
part is principally taken up by strands and ducts. A division of the massin three more or 
less distinct layers is discernible, probably corresponding to somites ii, iiliand iv. These 
glands communicate directly by means of ducts with the epithelium of the pharynx. 
In fig. 29 these ducts are roughly represented as dark violet. In the cross-section 
(fig. 30), the darkest blotches are intended to represent the ducts, while the lighter 
colored violet ones are the glands. In fig. 31 a lobe of the longitudinal section is seen 
in a larger magnification, and in fig. 32 a smaller lobe, yet more highly magnified. 
The glandular cells are rather of varying size, and arranged around the margin of 
glandular sack, leaving the inner space open. The cell cytoplasm is massed in places, 
leaving in other places larger or smaller, generally roundish, vacuoles (fig. 35, va.) 
In figs. 33 and 34 I have endeavored to show the relative arrangement of the 
muscular strands, the glandular ducts and the glandular cells. As will be seen these 
