bt | 
'a) CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
ducts are in places entirely closed in by muscles, while the glands themselves are 
only supported by them. 
The ducts lead directly to the pharyngeal epithelium; arrived here they branch 
out sending numerous discharge-tubes between the epithelial cells (fig. 56 g/. dt.), dis- 
. = . & . = . nr 4 
charging the salivary mucous in the pharyngeal cavity. These ductules are fre- 
quently, though not generally, branched while in the epithelial layer. Each ductule 
is furnished at the distal end with a small storage chamber (564) of oblong form and 
considerably smaller than the nucleus of the epithelial cells. 
Septal glands. As hasalready been stated there are five pair of very small glands, 
which are pricipally attached to the connecting vessels in somites v to ix, and sit- 
uated on the ventral side of the cesophagus. These glands do not hang on closely to 
the septum, but are apparently suspended from it only by a few tiny mesenteric tis- 
sues and by a muscle or two. In longitudinal section they appear as suspend entirely 
between the two septa (fig. 29), while in cross-section they are seen to be affixed to 
the connecting vessels and from them project laterally, the point of affixion being 
close to the ventral vessels (fig. 70 g/.) The general outline of these glands resemble 
the so-called liver cells attached to the connecting and other vessels in some Lumbri- 
cides, but the structure is similar to the salivary glands. The gland in v resembles 
exactly the structure in the salivary glands which open in the pharynx, it being 
transversed by blood capillaries, infested with the same parasites, supported by mus- 
cles, and finally is only sparcely surrounded by floating, globular, coelomic cells. The 
other gland in vi to ix are all surrounded by a thick coating of these floating ccelomie 
cells. These glands stain in the same way as the salivary glands, their secretions being 
stained deep violet with heematoxylon-orange, while the ecelomic cells stain pale yellow. 
A fine and very thin duct runs backwards and upwards from the far upper end of 
each gland towards the alimentary canal to its junction with the septum, but I 
have some doubt about it emptying into the intestine, and it is much more 
probable that in Pontodrilus, as well as in Phoenicodrilus and Oecnerodrilus, these 
septal glands empty into the pharynx. None of my sections, however, show 
this to be the case. Certain it is that in Pontodrilus the various septal glands 
are not as closely connected with the salivary glands as in the just mentioned 
genera, in which the respective glands are actually not only suspended from the same 
longitudinal muscular band, but along and resting on the latter run also the collective 
duets of the glands. Among the salivary and septal glands are seen numerous ir- 
regular, generally oval or oblong bodies full of nuclei. These are the terminal pock- 
ets of the capilaries, generally termed blood glands. 
Blood glands (fig. 734, t.). Td. Perrier was the first to describe blood glands 
in Pontodrilus, but he found them exclusively in the blood vessels or at the end of 
the capilaries investing the nephridia. In our present species, P. Michaelseni, I have 
found these glands only in the capillaries of the salivary and septal glands. They 
here occur in very large numbers, especially in the former, being massed at 
or near the posterior edge of the gland in varying numbers. Some specimens con- 
