86 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. 
very thin, thinner in fact than any other part of the alimentary canal. Of the balance 
of this canal there is no distinction between cesophagus and sacculated intestine. The 
gut is every where sacculated, only increasing in thickness towards the genital somites, 
where it is thickest. The alimentary canal throughout its length is lined by a 
columnar, ciliated epithelium, outside of which is a very thick vascular layer, with 
large blood lacunes, directly connected with the dorsal and ventral vessels, which are 
closely attached to, or almost imbedded in the intestine. The latter as well as the 
vessels are covered with chloragogie cells, which, especially in the region of the 
dorsal vessel, are very large (figs. 85 to 91), the layer being thickest close to the 
strands of mesenteric tissue connecting the intestine with body-wall. 
The free eclomic lateral vessels in the eight anterior somites are similarly 
surrounded by a thick mass of glandular cells, arranged around muscular strands, and 
which are quite distinct from the chloragogic cells and more resemble real glands. 
Their reaction to stains is entirely distinct from that of the chloragogic cells of the 
main vessels and of the alimentary canal, staining very deeply with ammoniated 
hematoxylon (fig. 84), and showing a coarser grainy secretion, while the real chlora- 
gogic cells remain much more pellucid and contain much finer grains. Cells similar 
to the former are also seen attached to the ccelomie covering of the prostate (fig. 
107, ete.) They also greatly resemble the glandular cells, or multicellular glands 
from the pharynx of Pontodrilus and other oligocheta, possessing pharyngeal glands. 
The vascular layer of the intestine is very much developed, especially on the 
ventral side, where it connects with the ventral vessel, through a thick band of mesen- 
teric and connective tissue. This as well as the walls of the blood vessels were so 
thickly studded with a protozoa (Hemagregarina) that the structure of the layer 
could not even in a single instance be properly made out. 
There are no pharyngeal glands, though a few glandular cells are seen scat- 
tered about between the muscular strands connnecting the pharynx with the body- 
wall. But these cells resemble more chloragogen cells than true pharyngeal glands. 
The ¢estes are of no unusual structure. The anterior pair, in the specimens I 
opened, are smaller than the posterior pair, which were always forked, while the ante- 
rior pair was undivided. 
The ovary in xi isalways sigmoid of irregular shape and present the peculiarity 
that seldom more than one ovum is developed at a time, this one being situated not at 
the periphery or at the free end of the ovary, but in the inner angle of the sinus. The 
ovum is unusually small in size and readily detached from the gonad (figs. 78, 108). 
It grows large after separation, and is found in numbers in the posterior somites. 
The ovary is of large size reaching far back to the posterior septum. Its lower 
end is not only attached to the septum and body-wall, but also to the narrow end of 
the outer sperm funnel (or ciliated rosette) fig. 96. In one of the specimens sectioned 
the ovaries either extended past the oviduct through somite xii, or there was a second 
pair of ovaries in xii. Beddard has similarly remarked that the ovary in Sutroa is 
attached to the cells of the spermiducal funnel. 
