ARNOLD — THE PALEONTOLOGY AND STRATIGRAPHY OF SAN PEDRO. 17 



much more contortion tliiin eitlicr the Beathnan Island or San Diego Pliocene. 

 The Pliocene age of the Merced series is unquestioned, and it lias too great a 

 vertical development to allow of its coming between the Pleistocene and the Dead- 

 man Island formation, which is at or near the top of the Pliocene. In the light of 

 this evidence, it is the writer's opinion that the Deadman Island and San Diego 

 Pliocene are above the greater part of the Merced series. 



Timm'fi Point. — The Pliocene is also exposed at Tiram's Point (see diagram 

 I), pi. XXII), where it is similar in every respect to the Deadman Island Plio- 

 cene, except that the layers are not so distinctly separated as at Deadman Island, 

 and, as a whole, the rocks are not so hard as at the latter place. The Miocene shales 

 at Timm's Point dip northeast at an angle of about 25°; and resting on them in the 

 same relative position as at Deadman Island, is the Pliocene sandstone. The 

 Pliocene is also visible in the railroad cut in the bluff in the southeastern part of San 

 Pedro, where there is a stratum containing numerous specimens of Thracia trapezoides. 

 The beds along this cut dip gently in a northerly direction, and are overlain in the 

 cut and to the north of it by the lighter colored Pleistocene sands. 



The following species were found in the Pliocene deposits at Timm's Point 

 and in the northward continuation of the same strata in the railroad cut and grade: 



List of Species Found in the Pliocene at Timm's Point. 



pelecypoda. 



Callisla suhdiaphana Pecten jordani Thracia trapezoides 



Leda iaphria Protocardia ceiitifilosa Thijasira gonldii 



Lucina acutilincala Solen sicarius Venericardia barbarensis 



Nucula castrensis Thyasira bisecla Venericardia venlricosa 



Pecten caurinus 



GASTROPODA. 



Bittium asperiim Drillia torom Natica ctattsa 



Chrysodoynus Cabulaliis Fusus barharensis Olivdla hiplicata 



Columbella (jauxapala Nassa mendica Tercbra simplex 



Columbella vai-. carinata A^assa cooperi Trophon sluarti 



Conus cali/ornicus Nassa perpiwjuis Turritella cooperi 



This fauna contains a total of twenty-eight species, of which thirteen are 

 pelecypods and fifteen are gastropods. The fauna, so far as known, is small, not 

 liecause the beds at that place are barren of fossils, but because little collecting 

 has been done there. The beds are nearly covered with detritus, so that fossils are 



not easily obtained. 



An outcrop of rather hard, fine grained sandstone on the coast about three 

 and one-half miles east of Long Beach has some of the lithologic characters of the 

 Deadman Island Pliocene beds. Although a few fragments of shells were seen in it, 

 no recognizable fossils were obtained from this outcrop, and no definite correlation 

 will therefore be attempted. It may be only a local hardening of the upper San 



Pedro strata. 



4. Pleistocene. 



The San Pedro Series.— From the evidence brought forward in this paper it 



apoears probable that most of the Pleistocene, as developed on the coast of California, 



(31 



