44 CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 



terminal portion as seen from above, its length two-thirds diameter of orbit, or slightly more. Branch- 

 iostegal membranes united at base for a very short distance. In four examples e.xamined as to this 

 point, the gill-rakers are as follows: 20-(-25, 23-I-24, 21-J-23, 19-1-30; the longest contained i-| to 

 if in eye. Scales large, thin, deciduous, a few only remaining on the specimens at hand. Origin of 

 the dorsal fin equally distant from the base of the caudal fin and the tip of snout or front of eye. Anal 

 inserted under beginning of posterior third of base of dorsal. Pectorals not reaching ventrals, the 

 latter extending three-fifths distance to front of anal. 



Color light olive, with broad, well defined, lateral silvery streak of nearly uniform width, 

 usually narrowing anteriorly and on middle of caudal peduncle, its width in our largest specimens five- 

 sixths diameter of eye. The silvery streak has a slight golden tinge. A narrow dark vertebral line, 

 which widens on the nape. Occiput blackish. 



This species differs from A. cidtrata in its slenderer body, shorter snout, wider opercle 

 and smaller teeth; the belly is also not sharply carinate, the dorsal is more anteriorly placed, 

 the ventrals are farther back, and tbe silvery streak is wider anteriorly. It differs from A. delicatissinia 

 in its longer, slenderer head and body, smaller eye, longer, sharper snout, and much wider, better 

 defined silvery streak. 



Lengtli 4 to 6 cm. Named for Mr. Edwin Chapin Starks. 



85. Anchovia panamensis (Steindachner). 



This species was found to be I'ather common. 



Dr. Steindachner seems to have had both A. panamensis and A. mundeola, as 

 his description covers both in many respects. His count of scales would apply 

 better to A. mundeola than to A. panamensis, which has 38 to 41. The length of 

 head, 4|, applies better to A. panamensis, that of A. mundeola being generally about 

 4 in length of body. Otherwise there seem to be no differences. 



86. Anchovia mundeola {Gilbert & Pierson). 



Slolephonis mundcolus ("jILBERT & Pierson (Jordan & Evermann, 1898, p. 2812). 



Head 4.15 (4 to 4.25); depth 3.77 (3.40 to 4.25); eye 3.44 in head (3.12 to 3.70). Dorsal 

 13 or 14; anal 33 (33 to 35); scales 36 (36 to 39). Dorsal and ventral contours about equally and 

 gradually rounded from the middle region of body to the tip of snout and base of caudal fin. Snout 

 short, high, comjiressed, blunt at tip, its length if in eye. Eye very large. Maxillary broad, taper- 

 ing to a sharp point which reaches margin of gill-opening. Gill-rakers 17-I-21 to 22-I-24; the longest 

 I -^ to 2 in eye. Anterior insertion of dorsal fin varying from a point midway between base of caudal 

 and middle of eye to a point midway between the caudal and tip of snout. In ten examples its inser- 

 tion is before that of the anal. Anal fin long, averaging 33 rays; its origin beneath the anterior third 

 of the dorsal; length of base shorter than in A. panamensis, being 3^3j in length, while in the latter 

 its length is contained 2\ in length. Pectorals long, reaching well beyond the insertion of the ventrals, 

 equaling length of head behind front of pupil; a large axillary scale. Ventrals scarcely reaching vent. 



Color uniformly light olive with silvery reflections; a faint, narrow, silvery stripe, sometimes 

 scarcely distinguishable. Sides of head plain silvery. Upper margin of orbital rim black. Dorsal 

 region blackish. A faint, narrow, dark line on each side of the light mid-dorsal streak. Caudal 

 slightly dusky. Fins otherwise unmarked. 



This species is closely allied to A. panamensis and A. compressa, but may be distin- 

 guished from the former by its longer head, larger eye, greater depth, fewer scales along the lateral 

 line, and its much shorter anal base; also by the much fainter lateral silvery stripe. The eye is con- 

 tained 14 to 16 times in length, excluding the caudal; while in panaiiinisis tlie length contains tlic eye 

 16 to 20 times. 



