11 



c. The Coast Guard (USCG) has made a major 

 contribution to the safety of operations in the 

 North Atlantic. Predictions of iceberg movement 

 and deterioration are made on the basis of 

 standard dynamic topographic charts constructed 

 from over 25 years of USCG survey data in the 

 Grand Banks area. 



d. The Geological Survey has completed the 

 first large scale contour map of the east coast 

 continental shelf. The map, which was compiled 

 from more than 1 ,800,000 soundings made by the 

 Coast and Geodetic Survey, the Naval Oceano- 

 graphic Office, various oceanographic institutions, 

 and the Canadian Hydrographic Office, represents 

 a major achievement in advancing our knowledge 

 of the shelf. It will provide a base for plotting data 

 on geological, hydrological, and biological condi- 

 tions and resources. Scientists of numerous 

 agencies and institutions have participated in the 

 Geological Survey's exploration of the shelf aboard 

 GOSNOLD, the survey vessel operated for Geo- 

 logical Survey by the Woods Hole Oceanographic 

 Institution. 



e. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries-conducted 

 surveys have resulted in the discovery of large, 

 unexploited fishery resources: hake and ground- 

 fishes off Washington and Oregon; shrimp off the 

 southern Aleutians and the northeast coast of 

 South America; and extensive beds of calico 

 scallops off Florida. These discoveries promise 

 to strengthen the U.S. fishing industry and im- 

 prove the nation's competitive position in the 

 world market — a major objective of the Bureau's 

 program. 



f. Public Health Service's Division of Water 

 Pollution Control (now the Federal Water Pollu- 

 tion Control Administration) traced the flow pat- 

 terns of water from the New York upper harbor 

 through the narrows and into Raritan Bay. The 

 studies showed the hazard created by the polluted 

 waters of the upper harbor because they are 

 diffused throughout the bay, and may remain 

 there for as long as 30 days. 



4. Ocean Engineering Accomplishments 



Although newly identified in the Fiscal Year 

 1967 program, ocean engineering has long been 

 conducted by several Federal agencies: Army's 

 beach erosion and coastal engineering work, for 



example. Newest of the ocean engineering pro- 

 grams are the Deep Submergence Project of the 

 Navy, and the joint Navy-AEC development of the 

 nation's first nuclear powered oceanographic 

 undersea research and engineering vehicle— 7Vi?-7. 

 Among the recent accomplishments resulting 

 from the ocean engineering effort are: 



a. SEALAB II, Navy's "Man-in-the-Sea" project 

 (an element of the Deep Submergence Systems 

 Project), conducted off La Jolla, California, in 

 late 1965, proved, among other things, that 

 one aquanaut living and working from an under- 

 sea habitat at 200 feet, without daily decompres- 

 sion, can perform as much work in six hours as 

 35 divers operating from the surface. 



b. The Atomic Energy Commission, through its 

 Systems for Nuclear Application Program (SNAP), 

 provided several successful low power systems 

 capable of being used both on and under the sea. 

 A SNAP 7D generator was successfully used as a 

 power source for the NOMAD oceanographic 

 buoy anchored in the Gulf of Mexico. A very small 

 generator has been developed for use in a sonic 

 navigational buoy operating from the sea floor. 



c. The Navy, in cooperation with industry, has 

 developed a significant backgiound of information 

 on deep ocean engineering. Materials recovered 

 from the Submerged Test Units (STU) — which 

 had been submerged for more than two years at 

 great depths — yielded valuable information on the 

 reactions of many kinds of materials to the deep 

 ocean environment. 



d. Army Corps of Engineers analysis of data on 

 the effectiveness of low crest breakwaters demon- 

 strated that it is more economical to raise the 

 elevation of breakwaters than to increase their 

 width. Tests also established a satisfactory stable 

 design for breakwaters with higher cores; such 

 cores will reduce the effect of wave action through 

 the permeable material of the breakwaters. 



e. The Bureau of Commercial Fisheries has 

 developed improved fishing gear to be used in 

 catching hake. This new gear, successfully tested 

 in the waters of the Pacific Northwest, promises to 

 provide the fishermen with an increased capability 

 of exploiting the newly discovered hake fishery in 

 this area. 



f. Among the accomplishments of NSF's Pro- 

 ject MOHOLE was the development of a special 

 down hole turbodrill, which will drill faster than 



