119 



The temperature and specific humidity distributions shown in Figures 

 3 and k suggest that the time sequences presented up to this point may, 

 given the wind field, be extended into space sequences. Table 3 shows 

 constant values for six conditions. The spatial variation will, as pointed 

 out above, depend upon adequate representation of the wind field. This was 

 done by compiling composite maps for each of the disturbances considered. 

 Surface streamline analysis, utilizing both reconnaissance and research 

 aircraft reports and satellite pictures (in I963), was carried out for each 

 storm at intervals of 12 hours. Each 12-hourly chart consisted of a composite 

 of at least 6-hourly reports . Three-hourly reports were added when available . 

 In each of the disturbances the CRAWFORD was J.ocated well within the circula- 

 tion of the system. The time section and detailed surface reports at the 

 ship were incorporated into the analysis. A series of 12-hourly streamline 

 analyses was then obtained for each vortex. A period, which varied between 

 12 hours and 102 hours, in which the storm approximated a steady state at 

 the surface was selected. A composite of each storm was then constructed. 

 This was done by locating all observations on the individual streamline 

 analyses with respect to the center and neutral point. The observations 

 were then transferred and relocated on a composite map. An isogon-isotach 

 analysis was carried out for each composite map and the resulting streamline 

 isotach analysis used to perform a component analysis, from which the low 

 level field of divergence was computed. This was done for three cases. Too 

 few observations prevented detailed kinematic analysis of the fourth case, 

 but the streamline field could be delineated and the relative motion of the 

 vortex shown with respect to the stationary ship. Since this happened to be 

 the only vortex of which the center moved past the ship on the equatorial 

 side, it is the only example where flux measurements could be made throu^ 

 the strong wind regions of the disturbance. 



Two examples of the composite streamline fields and the associated 

 divergence and weather are presented in Figures 5 and 9. The values of Aq 

 and at" given in Table 3 are shown in Figures 6 and 10, each region being 

 defined by one or both of two criteria: 



1. The speed field (limits given in Table 3); 



2. The division between disturbed and undisturbed conditions given 

 by the line of zero divergence and by the distribution of the weather. 



The energy transports associated with the first example are shown in 

 Figures 7 and 8. The dependence upon wind speed controls the major features 

 of the distribution of Qg, maximum values occurring within the speed maxima 

 around the center and to the north of the center, while minimum values of 

 Qe are associated with the speed minima around the cols and center. Within 

 the regions of maximum latent heat transport, values of Qg are associated 

 with the epeed minima around the cols and center. Within the regions of 

 maximum latent heat transport, values of Qg exceed 600 cal cm"^day"^ over 

 fairly large areas. These large transports are concentrated within the 

 regions usually associated with maximum precipitation. Five centimeters of 



