25.8 



ABSTRACT 



The present study was undertaken to learn about the contribution to 

 heat exchange contrasts through sea-air heat exchange and to contribute 

 therewith to the understanding of the feedback of energy between the sea and 

 the atmosphere on a synoptic scale . 



The formulas and procedures for computation and forecasting of the 

 heat exchange components are given and reference is made to the studies of 

 their accuracy and sources of errors. The disadvantages of the monthly and 

 seasonal computations, as compared to synoptic ones, are briefly discussed. 



Examples of the synoptic distribution of heat exchange components 

 during given days over the North Pacific Ocean are presented. Graphical and 

 descriptive models of the heat exchange patterns in relation to anticyclones 

 and different developmental stages of cyclones are constructed. Based on 

 these models, the effects of the energy change on the ocean surface properties 

 are explained and verification demonstrated with synoptic analyses of the 

 short-term changes and anomalies of sea surface temperature. The return 

 effects of these anomalies to the surface weather are postulated and the 

 numerical tests of the use of "correction factors," indirectly derived from 

 the present study, are briefly indicated. 



A hypothetical model of the coupling of the heat exchange model with 

 the 500-mb SD patterns is given, its use for deriving surface pressure pat- 

 terns is demonstrated, and the possible use of this approach is shown by 

 verification of forecasting attempts over k8 and 72 hours. 



Though some principal aspects of the presented feedback models have 

 been tested and found to contribute toward improving the present forecasting 

 models, they are still experimental in nature. However, they increase the 

 prospects of preparing numerical 3 to 5 day forecasts in. the not too distant 

 future . The primary use of heat exchange computations at Fleet Numerical 

 Weather Facility is in synoptic oceanograpl^ic analysis and forecasting. 



