1 although there's fine-grained sediments there, if this is a sink for 



2 fine-grained sediments, it's a very active fine-grained sink. 



3 As Dick said, you can be in a submersible and you can be here when 



4 it's very tranquil and you could wait a few minutes and you would have a 



5 current of over a knot. 



6 What that does in terms of long-term depositional --what that means 



7 for the long-term accumulation of sediments, is probably best addressed 



8 by the long-term tracers, which Mike will discuss in his talk later this 



9 morning. 



10 In summary, then, I wanted to leave you with a few thoughts, 



11 first, at least in Lydonia Canyon, it's extremely complex topography and 



12 there's a wide range of spatial scales. Dick showed us some in his 



13 video of the small habitats. We've also seen a change--a wide range of 



14 spatial scales over which the topography varies. 



15 The currents in all frequency bands are important. Within the 



16 canyon they are aligned with the canyon axis. The Eulerian flow, the 



17 near-bottom Eulerian flow, converges toward the canyon head. 



18 Warm-core rings are extremely important in controlling the flow 



19 along the outer edge of the canyon, and we have seen that the canyon, 



20 apparently, does not interrupt the western flow across the canyon rim. 



21 That's important in that sediments from the shelf are carried from the 



22 shelf across the canyon. 



23 In terms of sediment transport, the direct measurement suggests 



24 that the transport converges toward the head, and that there is direct 



25 transport from the adjacent shelf into the canyon. We've seen that the 



26 environment, at least at depths shallower than 500 meters is much more 



27 energetic in the canyons than on the slope. 



28 Again, I'd like to say that there is a wide variety of sedimentary 



29 environments, at least in Lydonia Canyon, we've seen areas that are 



30 potentially depositional and also ones that are potentially erosional. 



31 I'd like also to point that we've only made measurements 



32 now--there are only direct current measurements in only two of the nine 



33 canyons along the southern flank of Georges Bank. We basically now 



34 define two: one, Oceanographer, which is strongly erosional, and one, 



29 



