1 I don't have the foggiest idea as to what the volume of produced 



2 water might be from that. Again, as I said, if you have drilled your 



3 wells in the proper positions, you know, for quite a few years, you will 



4 have very little produced water production because you are trying to 



5 produce the oil . 



6 As that field drains down, some of your wells out in the periphery 



7 of the field will start drawing more and more water, by percent. 



8 DR. AURAND: Volume increases with age? 



9 DR. RAY: That's the general trend, yes. 



10 MR. LANE: Are similar volumes of water produced in a gas well? 



11 DR. RAY: No, in gas, there is very little produced water 



12 involved. If you are lucky, you've got nothing but gas flow. 



13 DR. AURAND: Does somebody want to say something about whether or 



14 not we even want to address this? 



15 MR. LANE: It seems to me that we can't possibly have a mechanism 



16 for massive oil spills for oil getting to the bottom; we can't do much 



17 about it. 



18 DR. AURAND: That's why I asked about the surface. I think if you 



19 are going to have to postulate impacts, you are going to have to 



20 postulate surface impacts. 



21 DR. 6RASSLE: The only conceivable time that you'd have an impact 



22 is when you have a lot of particles in the water column that are 



23 settling out; that's the only time you would have a significant transfer 



24 to the bottom. 



25 MS. HUGHES: The only question I have about produced waters and 



26 that I think a lot of people have is the aspect of it that it is a 



27 chronic discharge over years. What does that mean, if anything, even if 



28 it is at the surface? 



29 DR. TEAL: The soluble things are, to my understanding, the most 



30 toxic things in produced water are also the more volatile. They are 



31 fairly rapidly lost in the atmosphere. I don't know what that means in 



32 terms of how far downstream you would expect to find a particular 



33 concentration. 



317 



