Contents 



Preface VlII-l 



Chapter 1 Guides to United States 



Policy VIII-2 



I. Policies Declared by Congress . . . VIII-2 



II. Policies Declared by the President . VIII-2 



Chapter 2 Summary of Principal 

 Recommendations 



VIII-5 IV. 



Chapters An International Legal-Political 

 Framework for Exploring and 

 Exploiting the Mineral 

 Resources Underlying the 

 High Seas VIII-10 



I. Objectives of Framework . . . .VIII-10 



II. Existing Framework VIII-11 



A. Internal Waters and the 



Territorial Sea VIII-1 1 



B. Contiguous Zone VIII-1 2 



C. Continental Shelf VIII-1 3 



D. High Seas VIII-14 



E. Optional Protocol Concerning 



the Compulsory Settlement 



of Disputes VIII-1 5 



III. Should the United States Seek To 



Create a New Framework? . . . VIII-1 5 



A. Uncertainties of the Status Quo . VIII-1 5 



1. The Exploitability Criterion . VIII-1 5 



2. The Adjacency Criterion . . VIII- 17 



3. The Submarine Areas Beyond 



the Limits of the 



Continental Shelves . . . VIII-20 



B. Do the Uncertainties of the 



Status Quo Promote or 



Inhibit Attainment of United 



States Objectives? .... VIII-2 1 



C. Is a Wait-and-See Policy 



Desirable in Any Case? . . . VIII-23 



D. United Nations Activity Looking 



to a New International Legal- 

 Political Framework .... VIII-25 



1 . The Resolution on Resources 



of the Sea VIII-25 



2. The Malta Resolution . . . VIII-26 



V. 



VI. 



3. Creation of Ad Hoc Commit- 



tee To Study the Peaceful 



Uses of the Seabed and 



Ocean Floor Beyond the 



Limits of National 



Jurisdiction VIII-27 



4. Position of the United States . VIII-27 



5. Work of Ad Hoc Committee . VIII-28 



E. Conclusion VIII-29 



A Recommended Declaration of 



Principles by the United 

 Nations General Assembly . . . VIII-29 

 Other Steps To Be Taken Pending 



Negotiation of New Framework . VIII-32 



A. Leasing Beyond the 200-Meter 



Isobath VlII-32 



B. Guaranteeing Private Investment . VIII-32 



C. Amendment of Outer Continental 



Shelf Lands Act VIII-32 



A Recommended International 



Legal-Political Framework . . . VIII-33 



A. Preliminary Remarks .... VIII-33 



B. Redefinition of the Continental 



Shelf VIII-33 



C. An Intermediate Zone .... VIII-34 



D. The Framework Governing the 



Bed of the Deep Seas and 

 Its Subsoil (i.e., the Area Be- 

 yond the Continental Shelf 

 as Redefined) 



1 . Introductory Remarks . 



2. An International Registry 



Authority .... 



3. An International Fund . 



4. Powers and Duties of 



State Registrant . . 



5. The Limited Policing 



Functions of the 

 Registry Authority . 



6. Relations Between the 



United States as a State 



Registrant and the 



Business Entities on 



Whose Behalf It Will 



Register Claims . . . VIII-40 



7. Equitable Distribution of 



Registered Claims . . VIII-42 



VIII-35 

 VIII-35 



VIII-36 

 VIII-38 



VIII-39 



VIII-39 



