for the bulk of the readings. Only the values for sea water 
of salinity 3.49% were taken with the viscometer with the 
O-ring fittings. (See equation 27). 
Vas cometer @rtrineg C E 
Swagelok 0.0010901 324.0 
O-ring 0.0008135 Bor 
As a check on the validity of these constants, values for the 
kinematic viscosity of distilled water were calculated using 
them and smoothed against the temperature using the equation 
B 
E lemacee oh ©, 
log;jv = At (22) 
from Kestin and Whitlaw (22). The smoothed values are given 
in Table 30 and compared with the literature values. Most 
of the values agree to within one part in a thousand. A 
disappointment here were the values of viscosity at temper- 
atures below 20°C. When these were included they caused 
large discrepancies (about 3 parts per 1000) in the smoothed 
values at 20 and 40°C and the value at 0°C was off by about 
1%. However, as taking data at these temperatures required 
an appreciable effort, it was decided to treat them 
seperately rather than to ignore them. This was done by 
using the data between 0 and 20°C only to give values at 
Ovand 10°C. “Thus data dvd not fit the main correlation 
from 20 to 150°C, but this treatment seemed to be the best 
way of dealing with them. 
The experimental solutions: Eight different sea water 
samples were used with salinity varying from 1 to 11%. The 
method of preparing a sample was first to acidify it to a 
pH of 4.5 with concentrated sulfuric acid. This removed the 
bicarbonate ion and prevented the carbonate from precipitating 
on heating. The next step was to concentrate or dilute to 
the desired salinity. The solution was then filtered at 
150°C to remove some of the calcium sulfate and the concen- 
trations of the Cl~ and Br~, Ca** and SO,-- ions were 
determined by gravimetric analysis. The remaining sea water 
ions were assumed to remain in the same proportion to Cl™ 
and Br- as in the typical sea water analysis in Table 7. 
This was taken from Sverdrup et al. (8). From this infor- 
mation the concentrations of the sea water solutions were 
expressed in two ways: 
78 
