low search rate (on the order of 0. 1 sq. mi. /hr. ) A search rate 

 which permits large area inspection at an acceptable cost is re- 

 quired. 



In practical applications, such as the THRESHER, H-Bomb, 

 and SCORPION search operations, the magnetometer and camera 

 produced the most useful results. These systems, however, are 

 inherently short range systems. In these same search operations 

 the poor performance of the sonar, a relatively long range system 

 by comparison, is of particular concern and requires further in- 

 vestigation. 



Present lighting and photographic systems are limited by back- 

 scattering and high power requirements. Considerable develop- 

 iTient effort is required in volume scanning, light gating, and 

 polarization techniques, all of which have the capability of reducing 

 the backscatter phenomenon. Also needed is instrumentation for 

 imeasuring backscatter in meaningful terms. Likewise, improved 

 TV and acoustic imaging systems require farther development and 

 evaluation in the environment. 



Navigational improvements are required along two routes - 

 one is refinement and miniaturization of inertial systems, and means 

 for updating, and correcting, these systems on or near the bottom 

 through application of doppler sonar. The other navigational de- 

 velopment requirement is brought about by the need for sonic 

 reference points on the ocean floor and interrogation/ranging 

 systems. These sonic reference and interrogation systems re- 

 quire standardized, small, easily deployable, and long life trans- 

 ponders. 



The combination of human operator, sensors, navigation, 

 communication, propulsion devices and manipulators make up the 

 total command and ship control system. In present day systems, 

 such as found in DEEP QUEST, DSRV and NR-1, performance re- 

 quirements exceed human response and analytical capabilities. 

 Therefore, to permit effective slow speed operations near the bot- 

 tom or in proximity to other submarines, an automatic sensing and 

 control system is necessary. Such a system must be reliable and 

 simple to operate and maintain, and must provide for an emergency 

 backup mode of operation. 



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