84 



Now, that is an area that has got the tidal fluctuations of about 

 30 feet a day. 



I would think we would have looked at Portland, ]\Iaine, or San 

 Pedro. I know San Pedro well, and they have about a 6-foot tide. 

 I would like to know what is the discharge in San Pedro, what does 

 it measure as they go through their antipollution procedures there, 

 and in Portland, Maine, and in San Francisco ; I know where those 

 docks are. What level is peruiissible there, and how long has it been 

 going on, and what damage has occurred ? 



I think that there would be a great contribution from studies like 

 that. I support what you are doing to establish baselines in Alaska. 

 I think that is absolutely required. But I wish they would do it some- 

 where else, too. That is my point, and I don't — I think we have turned 

 our back on Portland, Maine, and on San Pedro, and on San Francisco 

 as far as water pollution is concerned in comparison to what we have 

 done in Alaska where the pumping hasn't even started. 



It is a very, very interesting thing to see that you have got 80 percent 

 of your money going into New York and 15 percent into Alaska, and 

 5 percent into the rest of the country as far as research in this area, 

 as I understand your figures and if they are correct. 



Dr. HiRSCH. That is certainly correct with respect to their one 

 program you are describing, the marine ecosystems analysis program. 



Senator Hollings. I know you haven't got Dr. Royce's statement, 

 and you know how these schedules are Doctor, they put us all around, 

 and we are always supposed to be three other places. But with respect 

 to the oil pollution and diunping those globules of tar and other things 

 that you demonstrated yesterday, what is the effect, let's say, on marine 

 life ? You did the Atlantic coast off the coast of South Carolnia there. 



We put in our experimental food processing, bringing it down from 

 Suitland, Md. We have some other research projects relative to the 

 marine life. 



What do you find, and what would be the threat of increased oil 

 tanker operations in those offshore waters ? 



Dr. RoYCE. Mr. Chairman, I think the best answer to that question 

 is simply, we don't know'. It is an extremely complicated problem, and 

 in the latter part of my testimony, I had in mind giving some ex- 

 amples. Would you like me comment at some length on this now? 



Senator Hollings. Yes; if you don't mind. I would like to hear just 

 exactly what is the effect, what we do know. If we don't know con- 

 clusively, you were demonstrating yesterday some of the knowledge 

 already gathered. 



Senator Stevens. His statement is only six pages long. 



Senator Hollings. Let him go ahead. 



Dr. RoYCE. Mr. Chairman, the thrust of my comments concern the 

 state of our knowledge, because we are getting into very complicated 

 problems, and it seems to me that we should try to identify- what we 

 know, and what we don't know. 



Senator Hollings. The chairman has suggested that you go ahead 

 with your entire statement. 



Dr. RoYCE. I will be glad to. 



I appreciate the opportunity to testify todav on the effects of ]x>llu- 

 tion on marine animals. In view of the limited time available, and the 

 complexity of the topic, I propose to comment principally on the state 

 of our knowledge on this subject. 



