2) 
from many locations within a given area. This may be 
accomplished by the simultaneous occupation of oceanographic 
stations by many ships or by the utilization of a network of 
fixed or drifting instrumented buoys positioned within the 
area. 
During the early stages of Ocean Survey operations, the 
major effort will be devoted to the exploratory and develop- 
mental type of investigation while at the same time pressing 
for the development of the oceanographic buoy systems that 
will provide the most economic means of carrying out both 
the time-series and synoptic types of surveys. 
Similarly, the underway type of survey will receive the 
major emphasis in the early stages of the Ocean Survey Program. 
These surveys will ideally include continuous measurement of 
the water depth with precision echo sounders to depict sea 
floor topography, gravity measurements to develop the dis- 
tribution of the earth's gravity fleld at sea, magnetic 
measurements to develop the distribution of the intensity of 
the earth's magnetic field, seismic measurements to determine 
the sub-bottom structure, regular measurements of key variables 
at the air-sea interface and meteorological measurements of 
the upper air characteristics, measurements of the physical, 
chemical, and biological factors of the upper layers of the 
sea that can be measured from a ship under way, and continual 
visual observations of sea surface and atmospheric phenomena. 
