- 11 - 



Forty- seven piston cores of the bottom sediment were obtained. Paleocene and 

 Cretaceous deposits were found in two cases (Herman, 19^3) • Multiple photo- 

 graphs of the bottom were taken at 23 stations. Thirty hydrographic stations 

 were occupied for serial observations of temperature, salinity, and oxygen. 

 Sixteen large volume water samples, representative of all of the water masses, 

 were collected for C-lU age determination. Biological collections included 

 11 bottom trawls and 80 plankton samples. Additional observations obtained 

 included measurements of the heat flow through the ocean floor, and propaga- 

 tion of sound through the SOFAR channel. 



Under the direction of John E. Nafe, as Chief Scientist, VEMA. made passages 

 from Fremantle to Adelaide and from Adelaide to Wellington. During the early 

 part of this program seismic refraction measurements were undertaken in 

 cooperation with HMAS DIAMANTINA. During the remainder of the passage the 

 program of observations underway and at stations was closely similar to that 

 of the Cape Town to Fremantle traverse. Figures 5 and 6 show tracks of 

 VEMA-16. 



VEMA 18 Itinerary Figure 7 

 Arrived 1962 



31 May 

 20 June 

 12 July 

 1 August 



Cape Town 

 Port Louis 

 Fremantle 

 Wellington, N. 



Sailed 



3 June 

 22 June 

 lit- July 



5 August 



Chief Scientist 



Manik Talwani 

 Marcus Langseth 



The underway program included continuous magnetic, topographic, gravity, and 

 seismic reflection measurements. At the stations, cores and camera stations 

 were the most common combinations, with more emphasis than usual being placed 

 on plankton sampling. In the area south of Australia a number of bottom trawl 

 stations were occupied. The passage from Bass to Wellington was begun about 

 July 25th. Particular emphasis was placed on comparison of total sediment 

 thickness with that found in the Atlantic Ocean. 



VEMA 19 ,(1963) 



The track of VEMA 19 -{1963) is also shown in Figure 7. 



The new R/v CONPAD, to be operated by Lamont Geological Observatory, will 

 also spend three months in the Indian Ocean in 1963-6^, (Figure 8) 



During all VEMA cruises, the following program is being carried out under 

 the supervision of the investigators named. Dr. Maurice Ewing is the 

 principal investigator on all VEMA cruises. 



