COMPONENT . (1) Same as CONSTITUENT. 



(2) That part of a tidal force or cur- 

 rent velocity which by resolution is found to act 

 in a specified direction. (14) 



COMPOSITE MATERIALS . Structural materials of metal 

 alloys or plastics with built-in strengthening 

 agents which may be in the form of filaments , foils , 

 or flakes of a strong material. (31) 



COMPOUND PANCAKE ICE . See PANCAKE ICE. 



COMPOUND TIDE . A tidal CONSTITUENT with a speed 

 equal to the sum or difference of the speeds of 

 two or more elementary constituents. Compound 

 tides are usually the result of shallow-water con- 

 ditions. (14) 



COMPRESSED AIR INTOXICATION. See NITROGEN NARCOSIS. 



COMPRESS lONAL WAVE . A compressional wave is a 

 wave in an elastic medium which causes an element 

 of the medium to change its volume without under- 

 going rotation. (1) 



GONAD . Continental Air Defense Command (USN/USA/ 

 USAF) . 



CONCENTRATION CELL . An electrolytic cell consist- 

 ing of an electrolyte and two electrodes of the 

 same metal or alloy that develop a difference in 

 potential as a result of a difference in concentra- 

 tion of ions or oxygen at different points in a 

 solution. (35) 



CONCENTRATION. ICE . The percentage of ice cover 

 in a given area of water, usually expressed in 

 tenths . 



CONCENTRATION POLARIZATION . Occurs in corrosion 

 because of concentration changes which take place 

 at the electrode/solution interface when the elec- 

 trode reaction proceeds. Since the electrode 

 reactions are dependent upon the rate at which the 

 participating ions are brought up to the interface, 

 it is evident that migration, diffusion, and convec- 

 tion are the controlling factors. Thus temperature, 

 agitation, current density, ion concentration, and 

 time may all be influential. (35) 



CONCURRENT LINE . A line on a map or chart passing 

 through places having the same current hour. (14) 



CONDUCTANCE . The ability of a material to conduct 

 or carry an electric current. It is the reciprocal 

 (opposite) of the resistance of the material, and 

 is expressed in mhos. (36) 



CONDUCTIVITY-TEMPERATURE INDICATOR (CTI) . This in- 

 strument was designed primarily for estuarine 

 studies. Thus, it has a conductivity range for 

 salinities from 0% to 35Z and a temperature range 

 of -2° to 32°C; it contains no depth measuring 

 element. The underwater element consists of a two- 

 electrode, H-type conductivity cell and a nickel 

 resistance thermometer. Temperature in degrees 

 centigrade and conductivity in millimhos are in- 

 dicated on a pair of four-digit counters mounted on 

 the housing for the amplifier and servomechanism. 

 (35) 



CONFUSED SEA . A highly disturbed water surface 

 without a single, well-defined direction of wave 

 travel. A series of waves or swell crossing 

 another wave system at an angle is called CROSS 

 SEA. (17) 



CONICAL BUOY . A buoy the above water part of which 

 is in the shape of a cone. A conical buoy is one 

 form of nun buoy. (17) 



CONJUGATE IMPEDANCE . Two impedances having resis- 



tive components which are equal and reactive com- 

 ponents which are equal in magnitude but opposite 

 in sign are known as conjugate impedances. (4) 



CONSERVATIVE CONCENTRATIONS . Concentrations that 

 are altered locally except at the boundaries, by 

 processes of diffusion and advection only. Heat 

 content and salinity are two outstanding examples 

 of conservative concentration. (13) 



CONSOL . Consol is a type of radio-navigational aid 

 derived from the Sonne system developed by Germany. 

 Basically the system is a long-range circular 

 radio-beacon offering the additional combined 

 characteristics of a directional and rotating 

 radiobeacon. The main components of a Consol 

 station are a medium frequency transmitter and a 

 directional antenna system consisting of three 

 aligned vertical antennas, evenly spaced at a dis- 

 tance of three times the transmitter wavelength. 

 (29) 



CONSOLIDATED ICE . An area of the sea covered by 

 ice of various origins consolidated, by wind and 

 currents, into a solid mass. (24) 



CONSTANT DISTANCE SPHERE . Given the concept of an 

 effective center (SEE) the relative response of a 

 projector may be said to refer to variations in 

 acoustic intensity, or intensity per unit band, 

 over the surface of a sphere concentric with its 

 center. This is often described as a constant 

 distance sphere. (4) 



CONSTITUENT . One of the harmonic elements in a 

 mathematical expression for the tide-producing 

 force and in corresponding formulas for the tide 

 or tidal current. Each constituent represents a 

 periodic change or variation in the relative posi- 

 tions of the earth, moon, and sun. A single con- 

 stituent is usually written in the form 

 y = A cos (at + a), 



in which y is a function of time as ex- 

 pressed by the symbol t which is reckoned from a 

 specified origin. The coefficient A is called 

 the amplitude of the constituent and is a measure 

 of its relative importance. The angle (at +a) 

 changes uniformly and its value at any time is 

 called the phase of the constituent. The speed of 

 the constituent is the rate of change in its phase 

 and is represented by the symbol a in the formula. 

 The quantity a is the phase of the constituent at 

 the initial instant from which the time is reckoned. 

 The period of the constituent is the time required 

 for the phase to change through 360° and is the 

 cycle of the astronomical condition represented by 

 the constituent. (14) 



CONTINENTAL BORDERLAND . A PROVINCE adjacent to a 

 continent, normally occupied by or bordering a 

 CONTINENTAL SHELF that is highly irregular with 

 depths well in excess of those typical of a con- 

 tinental shelf. (26) 



CONTINENTAL DEPOSITS . Deposits laid down on land 

 by rivers, winds, glaciers, etc., in contrast to 

 deposits laid down in the ocean. (27) 



CONTINENTAL RISE . A gentle slope with a generally 

 smooth surface found at the base of a CONTINENTAL 

 SLOPE. (26) 



CONTINENTAL SHELF . The zone bordering a continent 

 extending from the line of permanent immersion to 

 the depth (usually about 100 fathoms) where there 

 is a marked or rather steep descent toward the 

 great depths. (11) 



CONTINENTAL SLOPE . A declivity from the outer edge 

 of a CONTINENTAL SHELF or CONTINENTAL BORDERLAND 

 into greater depths . (26) 



CONTINENTAL TALUS. See INSULAR TALUS. 



26 



