D. RESULTS 



A computer-generated station plan (with a simplified coast- 

 line) is shown in Fig. 29. The connecting lines are shown as a visual 

 aid; the actual ship track was considerably more erratic, as may be 

 seen in Fig. 30. The crosses indicate the ship's position at OlOOZ and 

 1300Z. The ship track was used for a diagram of surface temperatures. 

 Fig. 31, which were measured approximately hourly. To a considerable 

 extent the 0°C isotherm marks the ice boundary except that in the 

 coastal current the surface temperature may be warmer in the presence 

 of 1-2 oktas of ice. Elsewhere it could be C in the absence of ice 

 if the relative motion of ice and water were causing water and ice to 

 separate or if ice in low concentrations were drifting through. This 

 latter seems not to have been a frequent occurrence. Ice concentra- 

 tions derived mainly from observations on station are shown in Fig. 32. 

 Two ice reports are added to give some idea of temporal changes . 



Several things about this year's data are notably different 

 than last year. 



Warm water, up to 10 C, was found near 167 W well south of 

 the ice. When this water meets the ice, the warm layer seems to 

 be nearly destroyed within a short distance beyond the interface. 

 We seek to demonstrate this and find the dividing line between this 

 kind of behavior and the more strongly sustained warmth typical 

 of the coastal current. 



Much less mesoscale structure is present far to the west. 



Relict water or water not far from this state seems to fill the bottom 

 of the Chukchi. 



The first task is to show how the coastal current compares with 

 last year. Station 86 (Fig. 33) with a surface temperature of 6.0°C is 

 remarkably similar to Station 46 of 1971 but is about 0.4°C colder. If 

 the slight surficial cooling were not present, it would be nearly identical 

 in temperature , layer depth and salinity. Station 19 (Fig. 34) farther 

 south but nearer to shore, is much cooler except for a thin skin near the 

 surface which gets up to 7 C. Station 87 (Fig. 35) is much like Station 

 86, but is slightly warmer, 6.8°C. The anchorage at Pt. Barrow was 

 different. There the temperature in 1971 was 5.3° C subsurface and 

 2. 8° Con the surface because of the continual passage of drifting ice. 

 In 1972, free of ice, the temperature throughout 18 meters of depth was 

 7.9°C. 



Station 76 (Fig. 36) which corresponds roughly with Station 138 

 of 1971 is only about 8 miles inside the ice margin, one fourth as far as 



4B 



