TABLE 14. THE MEASUREMENT OF AIR TEMPERATURE OVER THE SEA 



LITERATURE: 77. 



Section 20. The Effect of Atmosphere on Sea Temperature 



We saw that, due to great differences in heat capacities and densities of water and air, the 

 air temperature very rapidly approaches the temperature of the sea surface as the air moves over 

 the sea, whereby the water temperature remains almost unchanged. 



Under certain conditions we can observe a reverse situation — namely, a relatively rapid 

 variation with time of the sea temperature and an almost unchanged air temperature. The latter 

 can take place only with a wind that is continually bringing to the sea new air masses of the same 

 temperature. Here can be two cases: 



1. the air is warmer than the water; only frictional intermixing is created in the atmosphere 

 and in the sea; the intermixing being more intense as the wind is stronger and the temperature 

 difference is smaller; 



2. the air is colder than the water; the frictional intermixing is created in the atmosphere 

 and in the sea; the intermixing being more intense as the wind is stronger, and the convective in- 

 termixing being more intense, as the temperature difference is greater. 



By the same reasoning as used in the preceedtng paragraphs, we can assume that the amount 

 of heat passing through an area, F , of the sea surface in time interval dT equals 



dQ = kF{t^ — taJdT. 



(1) 



On the other hand, the amount of heat in the active layer of the sea will, during the same interval, 

 become 



where fl",,, = the thickness of the active layer of the sea. 



(2) 



c = heat capacity of water. 



density of water . 



By equating them , we have 



kFit^-ta^"" 



(3) 



*Not listed in MIS Gazatteer - Translator. 



42 



