Section 107. The Influence of Hummocking of Ice 



Every ice formation increases the salinity of the surface layers of the sea. For the calcu- 

 lation of this salt increase, I propose a simple formula. 



AS=^»A/, (1) 



z 



where 3q = the initial water salinity, 



2 = the depth of the layer, entrapped by vertical circulation during ice formation, 



A ^ = the increase in the thickness of the ice (with assumption that the salinity of the ice 

 itself is equal to 0) . 



Carrying out formula (1) Dobrovolskii assumes that the ice formed is from time to time 

 hummocked . 



With such an assumption, the salinity after the first formation will be equal to 



Si=S„+AS, 



where 



A^ 0,9So . 

 AS= -Ai- 



2 



After the first hummocking and the new formation of ice in the area of clear water, we 

 derive 



S2=Si+AS„ 



where 



. „ 0.9 Si 

 ASi= -' M. 



z 



Substituting formula (2) and formula (3) we derive 



0.9 



o ^ / 0.9 



S2=So ( '+-7^' 



After n hummockings and freezing accretions of ice of one and the same thickness, we 



derive 



/ 0.9 \n 

 S„=S„ i^l+—MJ . 



Dobrovolskii uses, furthermore, formula 



Ai=nAii + (1 — n) Mw, 



(2) 



(3) 



(4) 



(5) 



293 



