Figure 169. Isolines of atmospheric turbulence in July 1939. 



In June the greatest atmospheric turbulence was observed in the Kara Sea. Consequently, in 

 this month the paths of pressure system centers in the main, intersected here. In July the atmos- 

 pheric condition was considerably quieter; the maximum turbulence was observed at Franz Joseph 

 Land, the minimum by Chaunskaya Guba. 



Obviously, the more fully developed the net of meteorological stations in the given region and 

 the less the time intervals between pressure measurements which are used for computing atmos- 

 pheric turbulence, the more accurate will be the results obtained. Thus, if we compute atmos- 

 pheric turbulence according to pressure observations for four fixed times, we observe the effect of 

 fast moving pressure systems which might be missed in computing turbulence by daily pressure 

 changes. 



It must be noted that the theory of atmospheric turbulence, particularly in its application to 

 calculating changes in ice conditions and for ice forecasts, is a new undertaking and we have there- 

 fore not yet obtained all the results which it may provide.* 



LITERATURE: 69, 77, 151a. 



* During proofreading of this book, at the insistance of DzerdzeyevsM, I became acquainted 

 with the interesting article of Sigurd Evjen, "Barometric Fluctuations and Long-term Forecasts", 

 which I had unfortunately not seen until then. 



The propositions which I have set forth here coincide fully with those of Evjen with only this 

 difference, that Evjen operates with totals of turbulence, while I divide these totals by the number 

 of items and thus obtain an index of turbulence. Further, Evjen considers it possible to use the 

 observed atmospheric turbulence for forecasts of 6 to 7 and more days ahead. I consider it possi- 

 ble from the atmospheric turbulence over the preceding period to judge the ice condition at the 

 present moment. 



434 



