562 FARTHEST NORTH 



wliich, unlike those of other pine-trees, have a real leaf- 

 blade, is found at present, in one single species only, 

 in Japan, but existed in former times in numerous forms 

 and in many regions. During the Jurassic period it 

 flourished especially in East Siberia, and has also been 

 found on Spitzbergen, in East Greenland (at Scoresby 

 Sound), and at many places in Europe, etc. During the 

 Cretaceous and the Tertiary })eriods it was still found on 

 the west coast of Greenland at 70° north latitude. The 

 leaf here reproduced belongs to a new species, which 

 might be called Giiigko polaris,-:i\\(\ which is most closely 

 related to the G. Jiabcllata (Heer) from the Jurassic strata 

 of Siberia. It bears a certain habitual resemblance to 

 Gi'i/q/co dio^itata (Lindley and Hutton), particularly as 

 found in the brown Jurassic strata of England and 

 Spitzbergen ; but its leaves are considerably smaller. 

 Besides this species, one or two others may also occur 

 in this collection, as well as fragments of the leaves of 

 the genus Czcka7ioiuskia, related to the Giugko family, 

 but with narrow leaf-blades resembling })ine-needles. 



" Eerns are very scantily represented. Such frag- 

 ments as there are belong to four different types; but 

 the species can scarcely be determined. One fragment 

 belongs to the genus Cladophlcbis, common in Jurassic 

 strata; another suggests the TJiyrsoptcris. found in the 

 Jurassic strata of East Siberia and of England; a third 

 suggests the Ouychiopsis characteristic of the Upper Juras- 

 sic strata. The fourth, again, seems to be closely related 



