■while drifting along the tracks shown in the insets on Figure 1-^ . 

 No drift chart is availahle for the February ohservatlons, hut the 

 drifting hoat started from approximately the same position as that 

 for the January ohservations ...... 



"Diurnal temperature ranges of 1.3° and 3-l°F. -were recorded 

 at the surface for the two Kuwait Harhor series of ohservations; 

 off Fahihil the range was 2.2°F. The February series is particu- 

 larly interesting in that it shows an appreciable diurnal range 

 and the mixing effect of a strong wind in midafternoon. In this 

 series the highest surface temperature was observed at 13OO LST 

 (about the time of maximum air temperature and maximum solar in- 

 solation) . Soon after I3OO a "shamal" type wind began; wind speeds 

 increased to Beaufort force k by l400 and remained so to the end of 

 the observation period. Within two hours after the maximum temper- 

 ature was observed^ mixing had reduced the surface temperature by 

 3°F.^ and by 160O (3 hours after the beginning of the "shamal") 

 the entire water column was nearly Isothermal. 



"it is possible then that diurnal heating could account entirely 

 for the total range of temperatures shown on the surface temperature 

 charts Figure V-l ; the oceanographlc station observations were taken 

 in the same week as the BT observations for the second time-depth 

 section. (This is the reason that local time also is given for the 

 oceanographlc stations shown in Figure I-^ . ) 



"A comparison of the three diurnal warming sections illustrates 

 well the monthly increase in water temperature, particularly that 

 in the surface layer. It appears that as a general rule the maxi- 

 mum air temperature and maximum surface water temperature are within 

 a few degrees of each other except, of course, when Increased wind 

 speeds prevent formation of or destroy the warmer surface layer by 

 mixing . 



"Ill, Salinity 



"Salinity observations were taken on 23-24 February 1949 only, 

 when the series of oceanographlc stations ( Figure I- 5 ) was occupied. 

 Water samples were collected at the surface and near- the bottom, 

 and only at the surface where depths were less than 2 meters. Of 

 the 32 samples taken, eight were missing or the sample bottles 

 broken in transit before reaching the laboratory. Three of these, 

 the surface samples for Stations 2, i|-, and lU, would have been 

 helpful in adding detail to the analysis in certain areas. 



"Surface and bottom salinity charts, presented as Figures V-3 

 and V-4 ,- respectively, are based on these data. Over the harbor 

 area the total salinity range at the surface is about 3.5^0 (parts 

 per thousand); maximum salinities are observed in the shoal waters 



51 



