150 • Marine Minerals: Exploring Our New Ocean Frontier 



Table 4-8.— Worldwide Towed Vehicles 



Depth 

 Vehicle (ft.) 



ANGUS 20,000 



Brut IV 900 



CSA/STCS 1,000 



CSA/UTTS 1,150 



Deep Challenger 20,000 



Deep Tow 20,000 



Deep Tow Survey 

 System 20,000 



DSS-125 (4 each) 20,000 



Manta 2,132 



Nodule Collection 

 Vehicle NA 



Ocean Rover 1 ,000 



OFOS 20,000 



Rale II 20,000 



Sea Bed 2 6,500 



Sea Kite 1 ,000 



Sound (2 each) 13,000 



STSS 20,000 



Teleprobe 20,000 



Toms 20,000 



Instrumentation 



Operator 



Still camera w/ strobe, echo sounder, tem- 

 perature sensor 



TV camera w/ light, still camera w/ strobe, 

 automatic altitude control 



TV w/ light 



TV w/ lights, still camera w/ strobe, al- 

 timeter 



TV w/ lights, still camera w/ strobe, side- 

 looking sonar, sub-bottom profiler, 

 depth/altitude sensor, C/T/D sensors 



Slow-scan TV w/ strobe illumination, echo 

 sounder, side-looking sonar, scanning 

 sonar, magnetometer, stereo camera sys- 

 tem, C/T/D sensors, transponder 



TV w/ light, still camera w/ strobe, side- 

 looking sonar, magnetometer sub-bottom 

 profiler, current meter, altitude/depth 

 sensor 



TV w/ light, still camera w/ strobe, magnet- 

 ic compass 



TV w/ lights, still camera w/ strobe, side- 

 looking sonar, C/T/D sensors 



Cutting and pumping devices to collect 

 nodules for transport to surface 



TV on pan/tilt w/ light, still camera w/ 

 strobe, depth and speed sensor 



Color TV and three still cameras w/ ap- 

 propriate lighting 



Still cameras w/ strobe echo sounder, pres- 

 sure/depth sensor, transponder 



Side-looking sonar (6km swath), sub-bottom 

 profiler 



TV, still camera, pipe, tracker, scanning 

 sonar, side-looking sonar, sub-bottom 

 profiler, magnetometer 



TV w/ light, still camera w/ strobe, side- 

 looking sonar, magnetometer, seismic 

 profiler 



TV w/ light, still camera w/ strobe, scan- 

 ning sonar, side-looking sonar, alti- 

 tude/depth sonar, transponder 



TV w/ light, stereocameras w/ strobes, 

 magnetometer, side-looking, alti- 

 tude/depth sonar 



TV w/ light, stereocameras w/ strobe, scan- 

 ning sonar, side-looking sonar, mag- 

 netometer, manipulator 



Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 



Woods Hole, MA, USA 

 Biological Station, St. Andrews, New 



Brunswick, NS, Canada 

 Continental Shelf Associates, Jupiter, USA 

 Continental Shelf Associates, Jupiter, USA 



Japan Marine Science & Technology 

 Center, Yokosuka, Japan 



Marine Physical Laboratory, Scripps Institu- 

 tion of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA, USA 



Lockheed Ocean Laboratory, San Diego, 

 CA, USA 



Japanese and West German industrial 



firms. 

 National Marine Fisheries Service, Pas- 



cagoula, MS, USA 



National Research Institution for 

 Resources & Pollution, Japan 

 Seametrix Ltd., Aberdeen, Scotland 



Preussag Meerestechnik, Hannover, West 



Germany 

 IFREMER, Brest, France 



Huntec, Ltd. Scarsborough, Ontario, 



Canada 

 Blue Deep Sari, Valmondois, France 



Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, USSR 



Submarine Development Group One, U.S. 

 Navy, San Diego, CA, USA 



U.S. Naval Oceanographic Office, Bay St. 

 Louis, MS, USA 



Royal British Navy 



SOURCE: Busby Associates, Inc., Arlington, Virginia. 



Very littde work using manned or ROVs has been 

 done solely for exploration purposes. In the indus- 

 trial arena, the work has been in support of offshore 

 oil and/or gas operations, including pipeline and 

 cable route mapping and inspection, bottom site 

 surveying, structural inspection and maintenance, 



and a wide variety of other tasks. Scientific appli- 

 cation of undersea vehicles has been almost always 

 directed at studying a particular phenomenon or 

 aspect of an ecosystem. In only a few instances have 

 undersea vehicles been used to verify the data col- 

 lected by surface-oriented techniques. 



