344 • Marine Minerals: Exploring Our New Ocean Frontier 



57, 67, 69, 174, 308, 309, 310, 311, 312, 313, 315 



shells: 39 



silver: 65 



staurolite: 39 



sulfur: 43, 55 



tin (cassiterites): 39, 49, 169, 171, 308, 314 



titanium: 39, 49, 52, 60, 71 



tourmaline: 49 



vanadium: 71 



zinc: 39, 63, 65, 71 



zircon: 39, 49, 56, 59, 60, 308 

 mineral processing technologies: 20, 186-192 



at-sea deployment: 185, 191, 192 



at-sea v. onshore: 186 



classifiers: 188 



electrostatic separation: 190 



flotation: 190 



general: 20 



gravity separation: 188 



magnetic separation: 189, 190 



shipboard processing: 20 



trommel: 188 

 minerals industry, overcapacity: 8, 13 

 Minerals Management Service (MMS): 16, 22, 26, 29, 



31, 73, 136, 249, 253, 263 

 minerals, strategic and critical: 9 

 mining industry, state of: 85 

 Mining Law of 1872: 300-304 

 mining laws of other countries: 307-316 



Australia: 307-309 



Canada: 309 



France: 309-310 



Federal Republic of Germany: 310-311 



Japan: 311-312 



Netherlands: 312-313 



New Zealand: 315, 318 



Norway: 313 



Thailand: 313-314 



United Kingdom: 314-315 

 miocene: 56 



monazite, commodities: 112 



monitoring, environmental: 20, 21, 228-230, 237 

 Morocco: 16, 85 

 multi-beam echo sounders: 22, 124-131, 249, 254, 276 



National Academy of Sciences: 271 



Naval Studies Board: 271 

 National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program: 26 

 National Advisory Committee on Oceans and 



Atmosphere: 271 

 National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA): 

 26, 265-266 

 Ames Research Center: 266 

 data handling problems: 266 

 NASA Science Internet: 265-266 

 National Space Science Data Center: 265 

 National Climatic Data Center: 263 

 National Defense Stockpile: 10, 87, 89, 92, 94, 96, 98, 

 99, 101, 102 



National Environmental Satellite, Data and Information 



System: 22 

 National Geophysical Data Center: 22, 32, 131, 136, 

 253-256, 259-261, 266, 273 



data handling problems: 260, 261 



Marine Geology and Geophysics Division: 259, 260 



mission: 259 



types of data held: 260, 261 

 National Governors Association (NGA): 34 

 National Marine Fisheries Service: 239, 257, 259 

 National Marine Pollution Information System: 262 

 National Marine Pollution Program: 27 

 National Materials Advisory Board (NMAB): 93 

 National Ocean Pollution Planning Act of 1978: 27 

 National Ocean Service (NOS): 23, 163-164, 254-257, 



261, 266 

 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 

 (NOAA): 6, 17, 22, 25, 122, 128, 131-132, 136, 

 143-144, 218, 219, 230, 239, 237, 253-263 

 National Oceanographic Data Center: 22, 32, 253, 256, 



261-263, 266 

 National Operations Security Advisory Committee: 270 

 National Science Foundation (NSF): 22, 26, 32, 253 



Division of Ocean Sciences: 253, 267, 273 



Division of Polar Programs: 267 

 National Seabed Hard Minerals Act of 1987 (H.R. 1260): 



29 

 National Security Council: 271, 275 

 Naval Ocean Research and Development Activity: 123, 



130 

 Naval Oceanographic Office: 266 

 navigable waterways, dredging: 229 

 navigation: 162-164 



ARGO: 163-164 



circular error of position: 163 



data classification: 268 



Global Positioning System: 163-164, 268 



LORAN-C: 163-164 



Mini-Ranger: 163 



Precise Positioning Service: 163 



Raydist: 163-164 



Standard Positioning Sercice: 164 

 Netherlands: 297, 317 



mining laws: 312-313 

 neutron activation: 145 

 New Caledonia: 96 



New England Offshore Mining Environmental Study: 

 215, 227, 229, 230 



recommendations: 230 

 New York Harbor Sea Grant studies: 231 

 New Zealand: 167, 171, 315, 318 



mining laws: 315, 318 

 nickel, commodities: 



demand and technological trends: 97 



domestic production: 96 



domestic resources and reserves: 96 



properties and uses: 96 

 Nippon Kokan: 182 

 NORDCO: Iffl 



