Index • 345 



North Sea, sand and gravel: 228 

 Northern Mariana Islands: 292, 295, 298 

 Norway: 89, 318 



mining laws: 313 

 nuclear exploration techniques: 18, 118, 144-145 



continuous seafloor sediment sampler: 144, 149, 151 



cookie maker: 144 



neutron activation: 145 



X-ray fluorescence: 144 



Ocean Assessment Division, NOAA: 263 



Ocean Drilling Program: 137, 160 



Ocean Mining Associates: 239 



oceanic crust: 42, 45 



Office for Research and Mapping in the Exclusive 



Economic Zone: 252 

 Office of Energy and Marine Geology: 254, 255 

 Office of Management and Budget (OMB): 26 

 Office of Naval Research: 266 

 Office of Oceanography and Marine Assessment, NOAA: 



257 

 Office of Oceans and Atmospheric Research: 257 

 Office of Science and Technology Policy: 271 

 Office of Strategic and International Minerals, MMS: 263 

 offshore mining technologies, transfer of oil and gas 



technology: 185 

 optical imaging: 152-154 

 ANGUS: 152 

 Argo: 152-153 

 data transmission: 152-153 

 fiber optic cables: 152-153 

 Jason: 152-153 

 Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC): 



85 

 Outer Continental Shelf: 22, 56, 59 

 Outer Continental Shelf Environmental Assessment 



Program: 262 

 Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act: 6, 23, 28, 263, 300, 



305 



Pacific Geosciences Center: 140 

 Pacific Islands, mineral occurrences: 95 



Belau-Palau: 74 



Federated States of Micronesia: 74 



French Polynesia: 72 



Guam: 74 



Howland-Baker: 74 



Jarvis: 74 



Johnston Island: 17, 74, 182 



Kingman-Palmyra Islands: 74 



Marshall Islands: 72, 74 



Samoa: 74 



Wake Islands: 74 

 Pacific Ocean: 3, 12, 16 

 passive margins: 42 

 peridotite deposits: 49 

 Peru: 98, 99 

 Philippines: 87 

 phosphate rock: 



demand and technological trends: 109 



domestic production: 109 



domestic resources and reserves: 108 



foreign competition: 108 



properties and uses: 107 

 phosphorite, Onslow Bay (NC), seabed mining scenario: 

 207-209 



costs: 209 



location and description: 207 



mining technology: 207 



processing technology: 207 



profitability: 209 

 phosphorite, Tybee Island (GA), seabed mining scenario: 

 204-206 



at-sea processing: 206 



costs: 206 



location and description: 204 



mining technology: 205 



processing technology: 205 



profitability: 206 

 pigments: 91, 93, 96, 104, 107 



chromium: 91, 93 



nickel: 96 



titanium: 104, 107 

 plate tectonics: 3, 43, 61, 69 

 platinum-group metals, commodities: 102-103 



demand and technological trends: 103 



domestic production: 103 



domestic resources and reserves: 102 



foreign sources: 102 



properties and uses: 102 

 pleistocene: 45, 46, 57, 65, 67 



plume environmental effects: 222, 226, 234, 239, 240, 241 

 polymetallic sulfides, seabed mining technology: 160-162, 

 181-182 



concepts: 181 



conditions: 181 



problems: 182 



sampling: 160-162 

 positioning: 162-164 

 Preussag AG: 182 

 prices, commodity: 83, 85 



general: 83 



nonmetallic: 85 



speculation: 85 

 Puerto Rico: 122, 291, 292, 294, 298 

 Pungo River Formation: 52 



radiometric dating: 71 



Raritan River: 231 



Reagan Proclamation (No. 5030): 5, 6, 275 



reconnaissance surveys: 17, 18, 56 



reconnaissance technologies: 119-139 



refractories: 93 



remotely operated vehicle (ROV): 



advantages and limitations: 146-148 



and hard mineral exploration: 151 



and navigation: 163 



ANGUS: 151 



Argo: 152 



capabilities: 149-151 



