The ASWEPS development program is con- 

 tinuing toward the estabhshment of an operational 

 MARK II Anti-Submarine Warfare Environmental 

 Prediction System which will give worldwide 

 coverage. ASWEPS is also the focal point for the 

 development of pertinent environmental instru- 

 mentation for naval ship and aircraft use. NOO 

 produces operational wave forecasts by non- 

 numerical methods' and is evaluating numerical 

 techniques. NOO's operational ice prediction pro- 

 grams include general forecasts in the Arctic and 

 Antarctic and forecasts in support of under-ice 

 cruises. Long-range (greater than 30 to 120 days) 

 and 30-day forecasts are provided during March 

 through November for eastern North American 

 Arctic seas, including east Greenland waters; 

 Baffin Bay; the Labrador, Bering, and Chuckchi 

 Seas; and limited areas of the Canadian Archi- 

 pelago. Long-range and 30-day forecasts are pro- 

 vided for Antarctic waters, including the Ross Sea 

 and McMurdo Sound, during October through 

 January. Operational sea-ice forecasts are also pro- 

 vided for under-ice submarine cruises along tracks 

 to and beneath the Arctic Ocean.* 



NOO developed the optimum ship routing 

 program based on sea and swell forecasts. This 

 program has been passed on to the Naval Weather 

 Service Command for operational use. However, 

 NOO still routes a limited number of ships in 

 order to evaluate new techniques. 



4. Army Corps of Engineers 



The Lake Survey of the Army Corps of Engi- 

 neers monitors the flow in and out of the Great 

 Lakes. The Army Corps of Engineers is active in 

 the study "of beach erosion processes. As part of 

 its program, ocean waves are monitored at several 

 locations on the east, west, and Gulf coasts. The 

 east coast stations are operated as part of a test 

 system; data is transmitted continuously to a 

 central location in Washington and recorded on 

 magnetic tape. The Corps also monitors beach 

 erosion and shoaUng in charmels; these processes 



These techniques are described in Pierson, W.J., G. 

 Neumann, and R. W. James, Practical Methods for Ob- 

 serving and Forecasting Ocean Waves by Means of Wave 

 Spectra and Statistics. 



*Short-tenn ice forecasting methods presently in use 

 are described by Wittmann, W. I., and G. P. MacDowell, 

 Manual of Short-Term Sea Ice Forecasting. 



are studied and predictions made in connection 

 with planned engineering developments. 



B. Department of Commerce 



\. Environmental Science Services Administration 

 (ESSA) 



The mission of the Environmental Science 

 Services Administration is:'' 



.01 To ensure the safety and welfare of the 

 public, to further the Nation's agriculture, in- 

 dustry, transportation, and communications, and 

 to assist those Federal departments and agencies 

 that are concerned with the national defense, the 

 exploration of outer space, the management of the 

 Nation 's mineral and water resources, the protec- 

 tion of the public health against environmental 

 pollution, and the preservation of the Nation's 

 wilderness and recreation areas, the Administra- 

 tion shall perform the following functions: 



a. Observe and collect comprehensive data about 

 the state of the oceans and inland waters, of the 

 upper and lower atmosphere, of the space 

 environment, and of the earth; 



b. Communicate, correlate, process, and analyze 

 all such environmental data; 



c. Provide and disseminate information about the 

 state of the oceans and inland waters, of the 

 upper and lower atmosphere, of the space 

 environment, and of the earth, and predictions 

 of their future states; 



d. Prepare and disseminate warnings of all severe 

 hazards of nature to all who may be affected; 



e. Provide nautical, aeronautical and telecom- 

 munication charts and related publications and 

 services; 



f. Operate and maintain a system for the storage, 

 retrieval and dissemination of data relating to 

 the state of the oceans and inland waters, of the 

 lower and upper atmosphere, of the space 

 environment, and of the earth; 



g. Explore the feasibility of modification and 

 control of environmental phenomena; 



h. Coordinate Federal meteorological services and 

 supporting research; 



Department of Commerce Oidei 2A. 



11-20 



