tate entrance and clearance of ships, cargo, and 

 passengers, and (3) implement recommendations 

 of the existing international waterborne trans- 

 portation facilitation conventions dealing with 

 ports. 



—Investigation and development of those types of 

 bulk cargo transfer faciUties would ( 1 ) reduce ship 

 traffic in congested port areas and channels, 

 thereby reducing safety hazards and pollution of 

 ports and adjacent areas, (2) provide water depths 

 adequate to accommodate the larger bulk carrying 

 ships in existence and planned, and (3) reduce the 

 susceptibility of U.S. tanker terminal facilities to 

 enemy attack. 



XIII. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ADMINIS- 

 TRATION (EDA) 



EDA is responsible for administrating the Pub- 

 lic Works and Economic Development Act of 1965 

 as amended. The Act provides for technical and 

 financial assistance to economically distressed 

 areas, designated by severe unemployment or 

 underemployment as compared with the national 

 economic posture. Included in this are some areas 

 bordering on the coastal zone. This agency struc- 

 tures its budget in terms of functions (such as 

 technical assistance, business loans, pubUc works) 

 rather than in terms of geographic areas. 



EDA stimulates the economy of an area 

 through projects for technical assistance and re- 

 search, business loans, and pubhc works. 



Funding of such endeavors in the coastal zones 

 is estimated below: 



EDA has contributed considerably to coastal 

 zone development. About 200 projects repre- 

 senting $178 miUion have been approved. Of these 

 64 are technical studies. There have been 20 

 business loans granted. The remaining 116 projects 

 are for such public works as docks, piers, marinas, 

 cargo handling installations, warehousing, in- 

 dustrial parks, roads, water and sewer systems, etc. 



XIV. COASTGUARD 



The Coast Guard today is made up of the 

 former Revenue Cutter Service, U.S. Lifesaving 

 Service, U.S.. Lighthouse Service, and the Bureau 



Figure 5. Coast Guard unit assisting at the scene of a ship collision. The Coast Guard engages 

 in a wide variety of marine activities. (New Bedford Times photo by Ronald Rolo) 



III-93 



