Funding by the Navy in programs and projects 

 directly related to the Coastal Zone is difficult to 

 separate from other funding. The best estimates 

 which are available are : 



FY 68 FY 69 



Great Lakes 

 Estuaries 

 Continental Shelf 



Total 



(millions of dollars) 



0.1 0.1 



2.2 2.8 



12.8 12.3 



15.1 15.2 



XX. SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION 



The Smithsonian Institution was established in 

 1846 to increase and disseminate knowledge. It 

 soon became involved in research and now has 

 research facilities in many phases of the sciences. 

 Projects sponsored and conducted by the Smith- 

 sonian contribute significantly to coastal zone 

 science, particularly in the fields of biology and 

 geology. 



Unique among Government activities, the 

 Smithsonian is a private organization operating on 

 both pubUc and private funds. First Federal 

 appropriation for Smithsonian operation took 

 place in 1877. 



The U.S. National Museum, of which the 

 Museum of Natural History is a part, is the official 

 repository of natural history materials for the U.S. 

 Government. Over many years sections of the 

 National Museum have acquired critical collections 

 of catalogued marine organisms and fossils. Suc- 

 cessions of scholar-curators have made the Institu- 

 tion the study and referee center for marine 

 biologists of the world. Exchanges with scholars 

 and institutions throughout the world have in- 

 creased, and demands for information have grown 

 beyond anticipation. In particular, requirements of 

 the applied and engineering sciences have grown. 



Facilities significant to the coastal zone operate 

 by the Smithsonian in addition to the National 

 Museum are: 



—The Tropical Research Institute, Barro Colorado 

 Island in the Panama Canal Zone, contains two 

 marine biology laboratories on the Caribbean and 

 Pacific sides of the Isthmus 



-The Chesapeake Bay Center for Field Biology, a 

 new facility to conduct estuarine research, pri- 

 marily in ecology 



-The Oceanographic Sorting Center, Washington, 

 established December 1962 to act as a service 

 organization to the scientific community in re- 

 ceiving, sorting, recording, and distributing marine 

 biological and geological specimens. 



Current funding by the Smithsonian Institution 

 for programs directly related to the coastal zone: 



FY 68 

 FY 69 



$175,000 

 $190,000 



Projects the Smithsonian plans to participate in: 



— Interoceanic canal studies 



—Marine preserves (principally coral atolls) 



— Submersibles 



—Great Lakes ecology 



— Aquaculture station (Canal Zone) 



—Underwater archeology. 



XXI. NATIONAL 

 (NSF) 



SCIENCE FOUNDATION 



Created by the National Science Foundation 

 Act of 1950,'^ NSF's fundamental purpose is to 

 strengthen basic U.S. scientific research and edu- 

 cation. NSF also administers the Sea Grant College 

 and Program Act of 1966.^'' 



NSF is authorized and directed to develop and 

 encourage National policies promoting basic re- 

 search and education in the sciences and to 

 support basic research and programs to strengthen 

 scientific research potential. The Foundation is 

 authorized to support allied research in the field of 

 National defense when so requested by the Secre- 

 tary of Defense, in sea grant programs, and in 

 weather modification. The Foundation also is 

 empowered to award scholarships and fellowships 

 for scientific studies, maintain a roster of the 

 Nation's scientists, and promote the interchange 

 and dissemination of scientific and technical in- 

 formation by a wide variety of means. 



Within the coastal regime the Foundation sup- 

 ports, principally, research in marine biology, 



34 



'64 Stat. 149; 42 U.S.C. 1861-1879. 

 P.L. 89-688, Oct. 15, 1966, 80 Stat. 998, 33 U.S.C. 



1121-1124. 



III-102 



