-To use the environment to the benefit of man 



—To accommodate with minimum conflict mul- 

 tiple uses of the environment 



—To maintain, and restore if necessary, the envi- 

 ronment at a level of public choice for both the 

 present and future 



Policy guidelines for the Coastal Zone Authori- 

 ties would incorporate the following principles: 



—Coastal zones should support the widest possible 

 variety of beneficial uses and be managed to 

 maximize net social return. This means that unless 

 necessary in the broad public interest, no single 

 use— such as waste disposal— or class of uses— such 

 as commercial uses— should be allowed to exclude 

 other beneficial uses 



—The Coastal Zone Authority should represent a 

 balanced approach. For example, it should not be 

 dominated by either conservation or economic 

 development groups. 



—There must be an opportunity for public hear- 

 ings to allow local govermnents, private interests, 

 and individuals to express their views before 

 actions are taken or decisions made to change or 

 modify uses of the coastal zone. Decisions of the 

 Coastal Zone Authority should become a matter 

 of public record. 



—There must be a mechanism for the input of 

 Federal, State, and local governments in the 

 determination of shoreline use within the coastal 

 zone. 



— AU actions within the coastal zones and in the 

 contiguous zone must respect Federal rights as 

 well as international agreements. Any proposed 

 action must not violate water quality standards 

 established by the States in accordance with 

 Federal law. Planned uses of coastal waters must 

 be the basis for establishment or revision of such 

 standards. 



—In the case of interstate estuaries, the programs 

 of other States must be considered to provide 

 coordinated action. 



Activities through which we attempt to achieve 

 the objectives also define the National interests. 

 These include: 



—Undertaking basic and applied research in the 

 coastal environment and in disciplines relevant to 

 marine activities (physical and chemical processes, 

 ecological research, socio-economic trends, etc.) 



—Facilitating development of technologies perti- 

 nent to coastal activities (shoreline stabilization, 

 transportation, safety, aquaculture, recreation, 

 etc.) 



—Operation and maintenance activities (providing 

 safety services such as search-and-rescue opera- 

 tions, certification and standards, navigation, car- 

 tographic services, etc.) 



—Regulating and administering activities (resolu- 

 tion of conflicts, coordination of public and 

 private roles, distribution of net benefits, estab- 

 lishment of a legal framework, etc.) 



—Educating and training personnel to ensure a 

 continuity of effort and progressive achievements. 



II. PROPOSED LEGISLATION 



Federal legislation is required in order to 

 achieve the stated objectives. Such legislation 

 should: 



—Define the National policy and objectives 



-CaU for the States to establish statewide or local 

 coastal authorities or equivalents 



—Set forth broad policy and guidelines for opera- 

 tions and powers of State authority(ies) 



—Establish the Federal interface 



-Provide Federal assistance in the form of grants, 

 research, and technical assistance 



—Impose a Federal review of program activity and 

 provide for curtailing Federal assistance in the case 

 of non-compliance with standards 



—Authorize funds. 



Such management systems are now in effect, 

 for example, the Federal Water Pollution Control 

 Act,^ under which States have primary responsi- 

 bility for "zoning" rivers and waters through the 



' 33 U.S.C. 466 et seq., P.L. 84-660, as amended. 



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