medium of water quality standards. In this act the 

 Federal Government sets National objectives and 

 provides technical expertise and various kinds of 

 financial assistance, and provides for enforcement 

 when the States do not act. 



The Water Resources Planning Act^ is another 

 example. Here River Basin Commissions are au- 

 thorized to be established by States or interstate 

 compacts and Federal funding assistance is pro- 

 vided. The Federal interface is the Water Re- 

 sources Council. 



In order that new legislation may most effec- 

 tively take its place in the family of related 

 Federal legislation, it may be desirable to amend 

 several laws bearing on coastal resources and 

 development. Amendments might range from in- 

 creased funding to transfer of power or priorities. 

 Some of these laws are: 



—Rivers and Harbors Act^ 



—Federal Water Pollution Control Act^ 



—Fish and Wildlife Coordination Act' 



—Federal Aid in Fish Restoration Act^ 



—National Sea Grant College and Program Act' 



—Water Resources Planning Act^ 



—Land and Water Conservation Fund Act.^ 



The sections following treat in greater detail 

 various aspects of the proposed legislation and its 



''P.L. 89-80, approved July 22, 1965. 



^Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899, 33 U.S.C. 403^07. 

 This act provides for Federal controls over dredging and 

 fiUing navigable waters, dumping refuse, and obstructions. 

 See Chapter 3, Section A. 



"P.L. 84-660, as amended, 33 U.S.C. 466 et seq. See 

 Section I of chapter 9. 



'Act of March 10, 1934, 48 Stat. 401, 16 U.S.C. 

 661-666C. See Section I of chapter 9. 



*Act of August 9, 1950, 64 Stat. 430, 16 U.S.C. 777. 

 See Chapter 2, section X. 



'P.L. 89^54, 33 U.S.C. 1121-1124. See Chapter 9, 

 Section I. 



*Water Resources Planning Act, P.L. 89-80, 79 Stat. 

 244. This act provides Federal grants to States for water 

 resources planning. It also authorizes River Basin Commis- 

 sions as planning bodies. 



'Act of September 3, 1964, 78 Stat. 897, 16 U.S.C. 

 4601. This act provides for funding State and Federal 

 planning and for acquisition and development of waters 

 and lands used for recreation and conservation purposes. 



intent. For the sake of illustration a highly 

 simplified version of sample legislation is presented 

 in Appendix F. 



III. THE FEDERAL ROLE 



Although this management scheme places most 

 of the responsibility within the States, many 

 well-estabUshed Federal interests in these areas 

 remain: navigation, waterways, and National re- 

 sources such as parks, wildlife, etc. Federal agen- 

 cies administering such programs can be expected 

 to interact separately with the Coastal Zone 

 Authority. However, the tasks of Federal funding, 

 assistance, and review should be vested in one 

 agency. Under present Federal organizational 

 structure, the most appropriate Federal interface 

 would be either the Secretary of the Interior or 

 the Water Resources Council. 



IV. POSSIBLE STATE MANAGEMENT SYS- 

 TEMS 



The intent of the National program is that the 

 State respond to Federal legislation by establishing 

 or otherwise redirecting government bodies or 

 authorities that would accomphsh the jobs to be 

 done. Legislation spells out only the objectives, 

 not the specific means to accomplish them. Thus it 

 rests with a State to determine the makeup of its 

 organization. A State's options range from creating 

 a statewide agency to creating a local authority for 

 a particular region. The latter appears to have 

 certain advantages: 



—It may more readily fit in with existing local 

 authorities 



—It would be more responsive to the particular 

 problems of a region 



-It would permit a State to establish regional 

 authorities on a step-by-step basis according to 

 needs. 



Another option in setting up a State coastal 

 management authority is the creation of a special 

 district along the lines of a metropolitan sanitation 

 district or port authority. Such a district could be 

 established easily by State legislatures. The district 

 would cause minimum disturbance to existing 

 units of goveriunent. Its concern would not be 

 diluted by that for other regional problems. 



III-150 



