This laboratory should be a part of a university or 

 closely affiliated with one.' ^ 



The relationship of the university to State 

 administrative groups with respect to basic and 

 apphed research varies from State to State. How- 

 ever, regardless of the form of the relationship, the 

 existence of a strong, research-oriented group 

 affiliated with a university should provide some of 

 the necessary trained personnel, should provide a 

 state-wide education program, and should bolster 

 the State's administrative ability to formulate 

 plans and to execute a rational policy of admini- 

 stration. 



Research support can come from the National 

 Sea Grant Program (P.L. 89-688) or it can be 

 included in the new legislation. Both appear 

 desirable. The goals of the National Sea Grant 

 Program clearly include the same objectives impor- 

 tant to understanding our coastal environment. 



VI. FEDERAL FUNDING 



Federal funding assistance is a vital part of the 

 recommended program for two basic reasons: It 

 serves as a positive inducement for a State to 

 participate in the National program, and it pro- 

 vides a means otherwise unavailable for a State to 

 manage and acquire its coastal lands and waters in 

 the public interest. Although other related Federal 

 funding programs may serve indirectly or peripher- 

 ally, none accomplishes the full intent of the 

 program proposed. Enabling Federal legislation 

 should provide Federal funding assistance in the 

 following areas: 



—Planning— the development by States or their 

 designated regional authorities of detailed invento- 

 ries of shoreline and estuarine resources and 

 comprehensive plans of land and water uses 



—Operations— expenses for regulatory and enforce- 

 ment actions including pubUc hearings and office 

 overhead 



—Acquisition— to bring under pubUc ownership 

 important coastal lands and waters which may not 

 be provided for under other Federal and State 

 programs 



—Development— for protection and restoration of 

 pubhc shorelines and coastal areas 



—Research and Training (including a continuing 

 inventory and detailed studies)— Federal funding 

 assistance can be applied to the above categories 

 by formulas spelled out in the enabling legislation. 



A. Planning 



Federal assistance should be provided through 

 matching grants on a 50 per cent basis' ^ to States 

 or their delegated agencies in accordance with 

 Federal regulations. Section 701 of the Housing 

 Act of 1954 and Title III of the Water Resources 

 Planning Act provide planning funding which also 

 can be utilized. New Federal funding for planning 

 is included with operations funding discussed 

 below. 



B. Operations 



In general the operation of Coastal Zone 

 Authorities should be supported from State or 

 local appropriations only. The reason for this is 

 twofold; (1) because the form of the agency 

 should be left to the State, it may be difficult to 

 identify for Federal funding and (2) if Federal 

 operating funds are withdrawn for failure to 

 comply with National standards, the agency would 

 collapse and be unable to regain its credibiUty. 

 However, assistance in implementing the agency 

 should be provided and in doing this Federal 

 grants to support the first two years' operations 

 should be authorized from planning grants. For an 

 initial 10-year period. Federal funding for planning 

 and operations by State Coastal Zone Authorities 

 should be at an annual level of $2.5 million' "* 



C. Enforcement 



The panel has found that the means for 

 enforcement is the single greatest problem facing 

 existing such State authorities as water pollution 



See Chapter 9, Section III. Under the need for 

 research and training we have recommended the establish- 

 ment and support of coastal zone laboratories. 



The rationale for the formulae shown here and in 

 subsequent suggested examples was developed from exist- 

 ing legislation which according to the Panel was found 

 through its hearings to be particularly effective and 

 favorable. These include Sea Grant, Federal Aid to Fish 

 and to Wildlife Restoration, and Water Resources Plan- 

 ning Acts. 



See Appendix E for development of this total. 



UM54 



