88 



The only ROV known to be designed exclusively for hull cleaning is SCAMP. 

 The vehicle is manufactured by Winn Technology Ltd., Kilbrittain, 



Ireland, and is marketed in the United States by Butterworth Systems, Inc. 

 Florham Park, New Jersey (Veccia, 1979). The vehicle measures 1.8m (6 ft) 

 in diameter and holds three large, rotating brushes. Propulsion is derived 

 by three traction wheels which are held against the ship's hull by an impeller 

 with a force of 454kg (1,000 lbs). This provides a traction effect of 204kg 



(450 lbs) which permits use of the vehicle in currents up to 3 knots (5.5km/hr). 

 The vehicle can be directed to advance, stop and reverse or can be directed 

 to hold a parallel line of motion. It is remotely controllable or can be 

 controlled by a diver. 



The primary employment of SCAMP has been in the cleaning of large ship hulls 

 which is generally performed while the carrier is unloading or at anchor. 

 A unique hull coating has been developed by the Ship Research Institute of. 

 Norway which is physically reactivated at intervals of 12 months using the 

 SCAMP vehicle fitted with specially designed brushes. Pigmented with toxic 

 cuprous oxide, the reactivation points are applied in layers to the ship's 

 hull during dry dock. Small amounts of the toxin are released as the ship 

 transits. After approximately one year the toxic effectiveness of the outer 

 layer weakens to the point where it no longer inhibits marine growth. At 

 this point the SCAMP abrasively removes the ineffective top layer of paint 

 and exposes the still-active anti- fouling surface beneath. Color change 

 built into each layer of paint verify that reactivation (i.e., removal of the 

 ineffective layer) has been achieved. 



Unlike all other ROVs SCAMP does not carry closed-circuit television as part 

 of its standard equipment, but can employ TV if necessary. 



3. 2 Military Tasks 



Military applications of ROVs closely parallel those of the industrial sector, 

 but are reduced in scope. Although details of some military applications 

 are not publically available, the following categories represent those which 

 are: 



Inspection 



Survey 



Search/Identification/Location 



Retrieval 



Reflecting an interest in deep, as well as the shallow waters, military 

 vehicles are the deepest diving ROVs. In the industrial sector the ORCA, ■ 



and the RCV-150 and 225 at 1,829m and 2,012m (6,000 ft and 6,600 ft) respectively, 

 are the deepest diving vehicles. (It should be noted that industrial appli- 

 cations have not yet proceeded beyond 914m depth.) The U.S. Navy's CURV III ■ 

 is designed for 6,000m (19,685 ft). However, the remaining military ROVs, " 

 of which there are about ten, are designed for operations in less than 762m 

 (250 ft) of water. 



Another area in which military application differs from industrial application 

 is in the use of manipulators. Very few (less than 5 percent) of the industrial 



