246 HUMAN BEHAVIOR PROGRAM 



3. A careful study of how a diver carries on his work, lives in the habitat, and gets along 

 with his fellow divers, utilizing the closed-circuit television and audio systems available. 



As the project developed, it became increasingly evident that it was important to establish 

 the relationships between various reports, including reports made by or about the divers and 

 their level of work accomplished. Achievement of this objective will permit social, personality, 

 and motivational variables to be correlated with work performance. 



Standard data-gathering techniques were used in this program, including: (a) quantitative 

 recording of physical measurements; (b) self-report, including standardized checkoff lists, in- 

 terviews, diaries; and (c) evaluative observations, using closed-circuit television. 



DATA-COLLECTION PROGRAM 



Predive Baseline Data 



Demographic and Attitudinal Measures — These data consisted of background and baseline 

 information on the aquanauts, supplied by them. The aquanauts filled out a series of paper- 

 and-pencil forms, some especially designed for Sealab, some adapted from research on Ant- 

 arctic groups, and some standard psychometric instruments. These forms included: 



1. Personal history booklet — largely demographic data 



2. Attitude inventory 



3. Adjective checklist — characteristics desired in a friend 



4. FIRO-B — standard test measuring attitudes toward interpersonal relations 



5. Scale of values — standard test measuring broad life goals 



6. Strong vocational interest blank — standard test of vocational and avocational interests 



7. Mood checklist — adjectives describing characteristic moods 



8. Sociometric questions — choice of most preferred leaders and teammates. 



Psychomotor Tests — About one-half of the group of 28 subjects were introduced to the 

 Human Behavior Program during May and June 1965, at the U.S. Navy Mine Defense Labora- 

 tory, Panama City, Florida. Some dry-land baseline data were collected on the individual 

 assembly test, two-hand coordinator, group assembly, and arithmetic tests. Baseline data 

 were also collected for the first three of these tests performed in shallow water (fresh water, 

 70° F, at a depth of 20 ft, under exceptionally good visibility conditions). 



During the first two weeks of August, further dry-land baseline data were collected on the 

 strength test, individual assembly, two-hand coordinator, group assembly, and arithmetic tests. 

 Time and diver availability restrictions were such that the baseline data were some 70 percent 

 complete prior to the beginning of the Sealab II submersion. 



Report forms and procedures were developed with the help of the divers. The tests chosen 

 were selected in order to probe specific features of psychomotor behavior. They are adapta- 

 tions of tests used in other situations. The adaptation was necessary because of the conditions 

 in the water and the absence of the experimenter. It will be noted that the tests range from 

 measurement of simple short-term performance to complex prolonged performance. The 

 psychomotor tests required the application of maximum force, manipulative dexterity, eye- 

 hand coordination, and cooperative assembly of components as outlined in the following para- 

 graphs. 



Strength Tests — The purpose of this test was to determine whether there would be a 

 change in exertable strength between dry-land, shallow-water, and deep-water conditions. 



