FIGURE 2-9. BOTTOM LOSS FOR "FAST" AND "SLOW" SEDIMENTS— RAYLEIGH MODEL 

 (ACOUSTIC FREQUENCY=1 kHz). 



28 



26 



24 



22 



20 



18 



16 



14 



12 



10 



8 



6 



4 



2 







- I\ 



- I \ 



h / \ 



/ 



SOUND "SLOW" SEDIMENT 



<^B/Cw = 0.9786 



Pb/Pw=].47 



POROSITY = 70% (SILTY CLAY) 



LEGEND 



Cb = SOUND SPEED IN BOTTOM 

 Cw = SOUND SPEED IN WATER 

 ^B = DENSITY OF BOTTOM 

 ^W = DENSITY OF WATER 



\ 



^SOUND "FAST" SEDIMENT 

 Cb/Cw= 1.196 



POROSITY = 40% (FINE SAND) 



10 



20 



30 



40 



50 



60 



70 



80 



90 



GRAZING ANGLE IN DEGREES 



31 



