PART I CHAZYAN AND RELATED BRACHIOPODS—-COOPER 51 
Mimella superba Butts 
Opikina “minnesotensis” (N. H. Winchell) 
Paurorthis sp. 
Planidorsa sp. = Cyrtonotella sp. 
Ptychoglyptus sp. 
“Rafinesquina” cf. R. obsoleta Butts 
Sowerbyella aff. S. aequistriata Willard 
Strophomena tennesseensis Willard = Rhipidomena tennesseensis (Willard) 
Cane Creek formation (B. N. Cooper and G. A. Cooper).—Mostly thin- 
bedded gray to dove limestone weathering to light gray, the layers of limestone 
often separated by thin shale partings. The sequence contains several bentonites, 
especially two thick ones near the top. One of these, 3 feet thick, is about 2 
feet below the top, but the other 2 to 8 feet thick occurs 42 feet below the top. A 
bentonite about 1 foot thick occurs at the base of the section. The entire forma- 
tion is about 150 feet thick. A greenish mudstone bed 30 feet thick occurs 13 
feet from the base. The type section is along the L. and N. RR. east of Cane 
Creek and approximately 4 mile west along the railroad from Ben Hur Station, 
Ben Hur (T.V.A. 170-NE) Quadrangle, Lee County, Va. 
Brachiopods are fairly common in the upper part of the formation between 
the two thick bentonites. The following species occur: 
Chaulistomella lebanonensis Cooper 
Doleroides tennesseensis Cooper 
Opikina sp. 
Pionodema sulcata Cooper 
Strophomena sp. 
Zygospira sp. 
Carlim limestone.—The discriminating work of Kay (1944, p. 20) has 
shown this formation of Butts (1918, p. 526) to be a composite one. Kay states 
that “the Carlim limestone is the upper Loysburg plus the Hatter in its type 
locality.” In his original publication Butts also named the Lemont member of 
the Carlim formation which formed the top. The Carlim formation was said 
to overlie the Bellefonte dolomite and underlie the Lowville limestone. Its posi- 
tion inferior to the Lowville limestone led to assigning a Chazyan age to the 
Carlim limestone. 
The fact that the Carlim limestone consists of distinct units is not the only 
difficulty in understanding it. The Lemont member at the top is usually the 
Hostler of Kay rather than the type Lemont which occurs in a position much 
higher (Nealmont) than the Carlim. Occurrence of Maclurites in the Lemont 
and Hostler and the insistence that this fossil must be Chazyan added to the 
confusion. 
Published lists of fossils from the Carlim limestone and Butts’ collections in 
the National Museum indicate that the Carlim is actually not Chazyan at all. 
In view of the confusion all around it seems best to drop Carlim in favor of the 
units recommended by Kay: Loysburg and Hatter. Faunal lists are cited 
under these names. 
Carters formation in the Appalachians.—(See Chickamauga limestone.) 
