74 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 127 
Virginia—West Virginia line. In this direction the formation may be partially 
equivalent to the New Market formation of Maryland and West Virginia. 
Brachiopods are abundant in the Lincolnshire formation : 
Atelelasma decorticatum Cooper M. semtisulcata Cooper 
Camerella elliptica Cooper Oligorhynchia subplana Cooper 
Cyrtonotella minor Cooper Oxoplecia eidsonensis Cooper 
Dactylogonia obtusa Cooper O. recta Cooper 
D. prona (Willard) Paurorthis magna Cooper 
Dinorthis atavoides Willard Pionomena newmani Cooper 
Hesperorthis biconvexa Cooper Plectocamara aseptata Cooper 
H. longirostra Cooper Protozyga rotundiformis Cooper 
H. multicostata Cooper Rhipidomena tenuitesta (Willard) 
Macrocoelia duplistriata Cooper Sowerbyella medioplicata Cooper 
M. platys Cooper Sowerbyites gildersleevet Cooper 
Mimella laticardinia Cooper S. subnasutus Cooper 
M. tumida Cooper S. triseptatus (Willard) 
Mimella sp. 3 Valcourea sp. 1 
Multicostella gerontica Cooper Valcourea sp. 2 
M. plicata Cooper 
Correlation of Lincolnshire formation—The correlation of this formation has 
caused considerable difficulty because it has obvious similarity to the New York 
Chazy but also equally strong relationships with post-Chazy rocks. Kay (1948, 
p. 1405) correlates the Lincolnshire with the Chazy (Valcour) of New York 
on the “bases (sic) of stratigraphic position, the presence of the overlying re- 
gional unconformity and fossils not known in younger beds.” The Lincolnshire 
formation contains equally strong post-Chazy faunal elements in the form of 
Dinorthis, Sowerbyites, Cyrtonotella, Oxoplecia, and Sowerbyella. Not one of 
these genera has yet been cited from the Valcour fauna, the fossils of which are 
very like those of the Crown Point formation rather than the higher Black River 
types. The only strictly Chazy types in the Lincolnshire are Multicostella and 
Valcourea. Kay does not record the fossils on which he relies and which may 
not be brachiopods. 
Prouty (1946, p. 1152) correlates the Lincolnshire with the high Lenoir 
(Christiania beds), here assigned to the Arline formation. This correlation is 
untenable because the Lincolnshire underlies the Effna, Botetourt, or basal Edin- 
burg, all of which are equivalents of the Arline formation and contain Christiania. 
No trace of the Lincolnshire (or Elway) formations has been found in the Salt- 
ville fault block and the Friendsville region. 
Little Oak formation.—The Little Oak formation of Alabama was named 
by Butts (1926, p. 112) but has long been misunderstood and has never been 
satisfactorily correlated. It consists of thick-bedded, dark, nodular limestone 
with nodular chert. The maximum thickness is Cahaba Valley is 500 feet. In 
the neighborhood of Ragland, St. Clair County, Ala., it contains two layers of 
metabentonite. Near Siluria the thinned edge of the Little Oak rests on black 
shale (Columbiana formation). To the north along Cahaba Valley, the Little 
Oak thickens enormously and rests on the Lenoir formation. It is here sug- 
gested that the relationships in Cahaba Valley are those of a replacement be- 
