PART I CHAZYAN AND RELATED BRACHIOPODS—COOPER 81 
lying the Long Savannah formation and overlain by the Bays formation. The 
lower half of the formation contains thin, shaly layers packed with Ancistro- 
rhyncha, Pionodema, and Sowerbyella. The upper beds contain abundant Dolo- 
roides, Pionodema, Opikina, Hesperorthis, and Chaulistomella. The Ooltewah 
limestone is linked with the Ridley and Lebanon limestones of the Central Basin 
of Tennessee, with the Witten and Wardell formations of the middle belts of 
southwestern Virginia, and with the Hardy Creek-Ben Hur-Witten and Upper 
Dryden formations of Powell Valley, Lee County, Va. The type section is along 
Mahan Gap Road and extends for a quarter of a mile or more on either side of 
State Highway 60, Snow Hill (T.V.A. 112-NE) Quadrangle, Hamilton County, 
Tenn. The following brachiopods in addition to those recorded above also occur: 
Fascifera subcarinata Ulrich and Cooper Strophomena grandimusculosa Cooper 
Rostricellula ovata Cooper S. inspeciosa Willard 
Oranda formation.—This name was proposed by Cooper and Cooper (1946, 
p. 86) for the upper 30 or more fect of the old Chambersburg formation which 
is lithologically and faunally very distinctive. The name is taken from a hamlet 
about 3.5 miles northeast of Strasburg, Va., and the type section is on Virginia 
State Highway 55, about 0.4 mile west of its junction with U. S. Highway 11 
in the north outskirts of Strasburg. 
Lithologically the Oranda in many parts of Virginia is a calcareous, fine- 
grained, dirty sandstone. Fossils are numerous and the matrix is ideal for dis- 
solving the shells out of the rock to produce molds of great fidelity (see illustra- 
tions of Eoplectodonta alternata and Strophomena bellilineata). The sandy 
character of the formation makes it resistant and thus easily recognized through- 
out its range. The formation has been identified in Maryland and southern Penn- 
sylvania, but in the latter region it becomes somewhat shaly and contains thin 
beds of dark limestone. 
In the vicinity of Strasburg and along that belt for miles the Oranda main- 
tains its arenaceous character. In the vicinity of Green Mount Church, how- 
ever, about 4 to 5 miles north of Harrisonburg, Va., the formation contains 
many thin layers of limestone and suggests a passage, in this direction, to a 
more limy character. 
The Oranda formation has elements of the Kimmswick limestone of Missouri, 
the Salona of Pennsylvania, and parts of the Trenton of New York. In the 
vicinity of Lexington and Natural Bridge, Va., the Oranda has not been identi- 
fied, but its place in the section is occupied by the Collierstown formation which 
is completely unlike the Oranda lithologically and faunally. It is interesting to 
note that the dark shales under the Eureka quartzite in central Nevada contain 
a fauna almost identical in generic composition to the Oranda formation of 
Virginia. 
Brachiopods of the Oranda formation: 
Bilobia hemispherica Cooper Cristiferina cristifera Cooper 
Bimuria lamellosa (Bassler) Cyphomena homostriata (Butts) 
Chaulistomella sp. 2 Dalmanella costellata Cooper 
Christiania auriculata Cooper Elliptoglossa ovalis (Bassler) 
