130 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL, I28 



numbers. There is scarcely a stone without at least one colony of en- 

 crusting bryozoans ; many bore several colonies, and often the dredge 

 brought up stones with the entire surface covered. Bryozoans are also 

 found on pecten shells, snail shells, tunicates, crabs, large isopods, 

 barnacles, and other bryozoans, and on holdfasts of tunicates, hy- 

 droids, and other bryozoans. The upright forms are exceedingly 

 abundant. Attached to stones, they provide refuge and places of 

 attachment for innumerable other animals. 



The collection of bryozoans was turned over to Dr. Raymond C. 

 Osburn, who identified 99 species, among them 12 new species and 

 I new variety. All these species are mentioned and the new species 

 described by Osburn in his monograph, "Bryozoa of the Pacific Coast 

 of America" (in three parts, 1950, 1952, 1953) and by Soule (1951). 

 The majority of the Arctic forms treated by Osburn were from the 

 MacGinitie Point Barrow collection. 



Order GYMNOLAEMATA 

 Suborder Cheilostomata-Anasca 



By far the most abundant of the upright forms was Eucratea loricata 

 (Linnaeus), which forms large bushy colonies up to 6 or 7 inches 

 in height. It was taken in all hauls from bottoms affording places 

 of attachment (Eluitkak Pass, and from no to 741 feet), and even 

 from the carapaces and legs of crabs. Small colonies were also found 

 in 7 feet of water in Elson Lagoon where the water was brackish. 

 Colonies taken at Eluitkak Pass on August 6, 1948, had coral-colored 

 eggs. This species was common in the dredge hauls made through 

 the ice during the winter. 



Carhasea carbasea (Solander), a foliaceous, upright form, was also 

 common in hauls from Eluitkak Pass and from most depths of no 

 to 741 feet, and in winter dredge hauls. Brown bodies were noted in 

 February as well as in August. Colonies taken at Eluitkak Pass on 

 August 30, 1948, had two sets of barnacles, one with individuals about 

 4 mm, across the base, the other 0.75 mm. to 2,0 mm. Colonies taken 

 at the same locality on September 2, 1948, had barnacles up to 6 mm. 

 in diameter. The bases of the minute barnacles fitted into the bases 

 of the bryozoan cells, 



A few colonies of Terminoflustra memhranaceo-truncata (Smitt) 

 were taken at 140, 477, and 741 feet. The large colony from the latter 

 depth had the following bryozoans growing on its dorsal surface : Tri- 

 cellaria erecta (Robertson), RhamphostomeUa bilaminata (Hincks), 

 and Canloramphus cymbaeformis (Hinks), 



