148 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I28 



Point Barrow, Philomedes glohosus (Lilljeborg) were taken at seven 

 stations from 125 to 741 feet, 13 from the latter depth. It is new 

 to the western Arctic. One female of the almost cosmopolitan species 

 Asterope mariae (Baird) was taken at 741 feet. Also new to the 

 western Arctic, Cytheridea punctillata Brady, which is usually taken 

 in depths of 35 to 125 feet, was taken at Point Barrow as follows : 

 175 feet, I female; 420 feet, i female; 741 feet, 5 specimens. Cypri- 

 deis sorhyana (Jones), new to the Pacific side of the Arctic, was 

 taken as follows: 30 feet (mud), i ; 175 feet, i female; 741 feet, 

 2 specimens. Thirty specimens of the cosmopolitan genus Paradox- 

 stoma, too immature to identify as to species, were found clinging 

 to the medial side of the bases of the thoracic appendages and the 

 ventral side of the thorax of an amphipod, Gammar acanthus loricatus, 

 that washed ashore on October 4, 1949. 



Order COPEPODA 



The copepods are an important group in the economy of the sea. 

 The pelagic species sometimes exist in such enormous swarms that 

 they form a large part of the food of certain fishes and whales. They 

 are also eaten by ctenophores and jellyfishes, and their larvae provide 

 food for small organisms in the plankton. Although much less nu- 

 merous than the pelagic species, the bottom-dwelling forms are fed on 

 by other animals and their larvae furnish food for certain ophiurans 

 and other strainers. The parasitic forms also afifect other animals, 

 albeit adversely. However, the larvae of even these forms must play 

 their role in the feeding of certain animals. Of the 12 or 13 species 

 of parasites collected at Point Barrow 8 or 9 were copepods. 



The writer is indebted to Dr. Paul Illg for identifying many of the 

 members of this group and supplying some of the distribution data. 



Certain of the following species of Calanoida usually are not taken 

 at the surface. Some of them were collected near shore following a 

 storm and subsequent upwelling that brought deeper-water animals 

 to the surface. Only surface plankton tows were taken at Point Bar- 

 row ; no hauls were made at night. 



The cosmopolitan Calanus finmarchicus (Gunnerus) and the cir- 

 cumpolar C. hyperboreus Kroyer were common in the plankton at 

 Point Barrow. Both these species occur in deeper water in warmer 

 seas (Jespersen, 1939). C tonsus Brady, originally described from 

 the Antarctic, C. cristatus Kroyer, Xanthocalanus greeni Farran, 

 Scaphocalanus magniis (Scott), Chiridius obtusifrons Sars, Metridia 

 longa (Lubbock), and Heterorhabdus norvegicus (Boeck), all ap- 



