84 Mr. H. F. Witherby on Birds from 
and wings measuring 129 and 131 mm. The young bird 
has the bill brown, and is blacker and not so rufous as in 
typical 7. merula. 
ERITHACUS RUBECULA HYRCANUS. 
Erithacus hyrcanus [B. 160]. 
2. March 14, Shus. 
“ Not uncommon in the bush on the Diz River. A very 
shy bird.”—R. B. W. 
Dr. Blanford found this bird only on the shores of the 
Caspian, and thought that it was confined to Northern 
Persia. It is, however, known to migrate from the north, 
and has been recorded at Fao in October and November 
by Dr. Sharpe (‘ Ibis,’ 1891, p. 189). 
ERITHACUS GUTTURALIS (Guér.). [W. 548.] 
Cossypha (Irania) gutturalis Guér.; [B. 161]. 
Ten specimens dated, from April 2 at Ram Hormuz to 
June 26 (young bird) at Lake Van. 
“Just beginning to breed at Ardal, April 21.”— 
Re BW. 
RuticrLLa PHENIcuRUS (L.). [B. 163; W. 547.] 
3. May 8, Tiran. 
2. May 9, Feridan. 
‘Not breeding yet.”—R. B. W. 
In the ‘ Ibis’ for 1903, p. 547, I pointed out that some 
specimens from Persia had indications of white edgings to 
the secondaries, and therefore seemed intermediate between 
this species and R.mesoleuca; but 1 now think that this 
colouring is due to abrasion, and is sometimes present in 
European specimens when in much-worn plumage. 
M. Sarudny (Ornith. Jahrb. 1904, p. 213) has described 
from Luristan, Arabistan, and Masanderan a Redstart under 
the name of Ruticilla semenowi as differing from R. pheni- 
curus (L.) in the greater development of the black colour 
of the top of the head and back. As the typical R. pheni- 
curus has no black on these parts this description seems 
incomprehensible. 
