Recently published Ornithological Works. 649 
Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri), of the previously little-known 
habits and haunts of which we have a complete account 
in the present volume. This account extends to 36 quarto 
pages, and is illustrated by 7 coloured plates and 24 figures 
in the text. So nearly complete is the history of this bird 
now set before us by Dr. Wilson that instead of being the 
least-known species of the Penguin-family it has now 
become, perhaps, the best-known of the whole group. And 
its habits are certainly extraordinary. What can be more 
remarkable than a bird which lays its egg on an ice-field, 
and protects it from cold by retaining it on the upper 
surface of its feet during the whole period of incubation ? 
No naturalist should fail to read Dr. Wilson’s story of this 
and other wondrous phenomena exhibited by the Emperor 
Penguin, which are illustrated by a long series of excellent 
figures. 
The only other Penguin of Victoria Land is the Adélie 
Penguin (Pygosceles adelie), of which bird and its strange 
ways we have likewise an excellent history in the present 
volume. But, instead of breeding on the ice or on the beach 
at sea-level, this extraordinary bird chooses to make its 
rookeries “ high up on the mountains.” One wonders how 
“the young that are hatched out on such heights, nearly a 
thousand feet above the sea, can ever obtain a sufficiency of 
food. Yet they are well grown and healthy, thanks to the 
untiring efforts of their parents, which, during the breeding- 
season, form a constant stream passing up and down the 
sides of the mountain in beaten tracks.” 
On Macquarie Island, which was visited on the return of 
the ‘ Discovery’ in November 1901, the Naturalists of the 
Expedition were fortunate in finding the King Penguin 
( Aptenodytes patagenica) breeding, and thus having the oppor- 
tunity of comparing its habits with those of its larger relative. 
Like the “ Emperor” the “ King” holds its egg upon its 
feet ‘ tucked in between its legs, and covered from sight by a 
loose fold of skin and feathers.” The egg is thus kept away 
from the “wet and muddy quagmire on. which these birds 
prefer to incubate.” 
