FISHES OF OREGON AND NORTHERN CALIFORNIA. ily 
maxillary. Head conical, the snout rounded in outline when viewed from above, pointed when seen 
from the side. Jaws about equal, the lower included by the upper; maxillary projecting to a vertical 
through anterior edge of pupil; interorbital space low, slightly concave; nostrils located anterior to 
eye a distance equal to diameter of pupil; membranous flap of opercle equal in width to pupil. Gill- 
rakers on first arch minute, only 5 or 6 developed near angle of arch. Teeth 2, 5-4, 2, without grinding 
surface, the upper teeth (those nearest angle of arch) close set, the space between them not greater than 
half the diameter of first tooth, the two lower ones usually more widely spaced; the second tooth from 
below largest and longest; upper teeth hooked, the hooks growing gradually less pronounced on the 
second and third, scarcely discernible on the lowest. Alimentary canal with 2 folds, its length about 
equal to distance between snout and base of caudal. Posterior portion of air bladder 1.5 times as long 
as the anterior part. Peritoneum silvery, stippled with black. Vertebree 45. 
a 
ogee 
Cog 
ONY 
retgtnaesee’ 
SSS 
Fig. 2.—(a) Ptychocheilus grandis, (b) P. oregonensis, and (c) P. umpqum, showing characteristic difference in size of 
scales which distinguishes the species. 
Scales very small on median portion of back anterior to the dorsal, and on breast and throat; minute 
and densely crowded anteriorly. 
Base of dorsal lying entirely between verticals through anterior edge of ventral and anal; posterior 
edge of fin straight, the rays graduated in length so that when depressed the first and last extend an 
equal distance posteriorly, reaching a vertical through middle of base of anal. Anal slightly rounded 
posteriorly, the anterior rays reaching a little beyond the posterior ones when depressed. Ventrals 
rounded, reaching midway between anus and base of anal fin. Pectorals rounded, their tips reaching 
two-thirds the distance between axil and base of ventral. : 
Color silvery, often more or less brassy; the upper parts dusky. 
Type no. 61577, U. S. National Museum, Callapooia Creek, Oakland, Oreg., length, 238 mm. 
Cotype no. 9862, Stanford University. 
B. B. IF’. 1907—12 
