FISHES OF OREGON AND NORTHERN CALIFORNIA, 183 
26. Coregonus williamsoni Girard. 
Willamette River. 
eo 27. Oncorhynchus keta (Walbaum). 
Occurs in all except the smallest streams between the Sacramento and Columbia rivers. The young 
of this salmon were apparently more abundant than those of any other. 
28. Oncorhynchus tschawytscha (Walbaum). 
To be found in the larger streams. Commonly reported to be growing less abundant. 
Eel, Mad, Klamath, Rogue, Coquille, and Nehalem rivers. 
29. Oncorhynchus kisutch (Walbaum). 
Said to be commonly found in the larger streams. Specimens were taken in Takenitch Creek, 
Butte Creek at Eagle Point, Oregon, and in Redwood Creek, near Orick, Cal. 
30. Salmo clarkii Richardson. 
The trout observed by the writer in the coastal streams of Oregon and northern California are here 
referred to 2 species. From the Nehalem River southward to Redwood Creek in California a fine-scaled 
form was frequently taken, while from the Russian River northward, at least to the Tillamook, a large- 
scaled form was found to be abundant. The former, generally characterized by having from 140 to 170 
scales in the lateral series, usually a red blotch on the inner side of the lower jaw, and teeth on the 
hyoid, are identified as S. clarkii. The latter, with from 110 to 145 scales, the lower jaw white and the 
hyoid without teeth, are called S. irideus. It is but fair to state that specimens which could hardly 
be referred to either species were sometimes taken in the streams north of Redwood Creek. For instance, 
in Hunters Creek, a tributary of the Klamath, specimens were collected in which the hyoid teeth 
were often absent and the throat red or not, without in any way coinciding with the number of 
scales, which varied from 120 to 150. The same conditions were found among specimens from the 
Coquille and other streams. In Nehalem River examples of typical S. clarkii were found. The throat 
was red, the scales numbered from 145 to 178, and the hyoid teeth were generally present. 
No specimens of the form known as the steelhead, S. rivularis, were examined. 
Trout are abundant in all the coastal streams, fairly swarming in those that have not been fished 
to excess. Their quality is unsurpassed, living as they do in clear, cool water, well supplied with food. 
31. Salmo irideus Gibbons. 
The trout found in the coastwise streams as far north as Redwood Creek are identified with this 
form. North of Redwood Creek examples brighter in color though apparently belonging to this form 
were frequently seen, together with others which could not be distinguished from the preceding species. 
Trout were seen in every coastwise stream examined. 
32. Columbia transmontana Eigenmann & Eigenmann. 
Not found in the coastwise streams south of the Columbia. 
Willamette River. 
33. Gasterosteus cataphractus (Pallas). 
A close scrutiny of about 2,000 specimens of this species @ from the streams between the Sacramento 
and Columbia rivers appears to emphasize the seeming impossibility of recognizing within the group 
subspecies which may be defined by characters coordinate with geographical areas. The fully plated 
forms are apt to occur most often in or near salt water, while the less protected ones are usually found 
farther up the streams. fi 
a For a discussion of the variations of the species see Jordan & Gilbert, Fishes of Bering Sea, in Report Fur-Seal Inves- 
tigations 1896-1897, part 3, p. 443; also Rutter, Notes on freshwater fishes Pacific slope North America, Proceedings California 
Academy of Science, 2d ser., vol. v1, p. 245. 
